Muhammad bin tughlaq

• Once, Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq shifted the capital of his kingdom from Delhi to Daulatabad. • In 1335, he decided to shift the capital back to Delhi, fearing attacks on the northern borders. • In 1330, after his failed expedition to Deogiri, he issued token currency which destroyed the economy. New Delhi: Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq is not just a name of a historical ruler who reigned over Delhi, but it is a term which has been used as an ‘adjective’ over the years by numerous people to describe any kind of ‘eccentric’ person who holds a position of power. Particularly, in Indian politics, the name has been used uncountable times by politicians to slander their opponents. Tughlaq, the Sultan of Delhi, was indeed an eccentric ruler despite his many qualities, whose administrative policies baffled his subjects and also people hundreds of years later because of how bizarre they were. In this article, we will take a look at the life and activities of this ruler. Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq: A ruler both generous and whimsical Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq was born in 1290, to Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq, who became the founder of the Tughlaq dynasty after seizing power of the Delhi Sultanate. When he ascended the throne in 1325 after the death of his father, little did anyone know the kind of controversial legacy he would leave behind. He was an able general, otherwise, it would have not been possible for him to conquer Warangal, Malabar and Madurai, and areas up to the modern-day southern tip of Karnataka,...

Muhammad bin Tughluq Muhammad bin Tughluq (reigned 1325-1351) was a medieval Indian ruler whose reign saw the beginning of the disintegration of the empire of Delhi. The son and successor of the Turk Ghiyas-ud-din (reigned 1321-1325), the founder of the Tughluq dynasty that replaced Khilji rule in Delhi, Muhammad bin Tughluq displayed an extraordinary capacity for classical learning and military leadership. He was formally crowned in 1325, when his father met an accidental death in which Muhammad was implicated. In spite of a wealth of information on Muhammad's reign from contemporaries—such as Zia-ud-din Barani, the well-known chronicler of medieval India, and the Moorish traveler Ibn Battuta, who was in India during 1333-1346— there is a great deal of confusion about the sequence of events in his reign and their precise nature. Muhammad's regime of 26 years seems to have largely been occupied with fighting rebellions (some 22 are listed), planning ambitious projects of conquest of farflung areas, and making administrative innovations that brought disgrace to the ruler and suffering for his subjects. The most serious of these rebellions were in the Deccan (1326, 1347), Måbar (tip of the Indian peninsula, 1334), Bengal (1338), Gujarat (1345), and Sind (1350). These rebellions led to Delhi's loss of control over the south and the Deccan, Bengal, Gujarat, and Sind. The rebellions in Gujarat and Sind exhausted Muhammad, for it was in the course of his expedition in Sind that ...

Also known by other names like Prince Fakhr Malik, Jauna Khan and Ulugh Khan, Muhammad bin Tughlaq was a prominent figure during the Muhammad bin Tughlaq ruled over the northern parts of the Indian subcontinent and the Reign of Muhammad bin Tughlaq During the reign of Muhammad bin Tughlaq, he annexed kingdoms around his Sultanate and conquered areas like Warangal or modern day Some of the important administrative policies of Muhammad bin Tughlaq are discussed below elaborately: Muhammad bin Tughlaq believed in the absolute power of the Sultan and did not allow anyone to interfere in his administration. He made decisions regarding the matters of religious policy and did not consent the Ulema class to get in the way of his administration. During his reign, the Ulema class enjoyed domination over administration of justice. Muhammad bin Tughlaq broke up that monopoly and appointed Qazis outside this class of people. He used to modify the decisions of Qazis whenever he found them unfair and discriminating. If a religious man was found accountable of dishonesty or revolt, he was punished like any other common person. Thus nobody was above the laws of the land. Revenue Reforms of Muhammad bin Tughlaq Muhammad bin Tughlaq carried out many measures for the improvement of the administration of revenue. One of his measures was preparation of a register in which income and expenditure of all the princes were recorded. All provincial governors were asked to submit the reports of income...

Muhammad bin Tughlaq was born in 1300 in Multan, Pakistan. After the demise of Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, his eldest son Fakhruddin Muhammad Juana Khan alias Muhammad bin Tughlaq, mounted the throne at Tughlaqabad. Muhammad bin Tughlaq’s character was a mixture of opposites and extremes. He ruled for twenty-six years (1325-1351). Some of his administrative mistakes made him unpopular, and were responsible for his failure as a ruler. Below is given a short description of his life and accomplishments. Scholar He is said to be the most highly educated of all the preceding sultans of Delhi. He was a scholar of Persian and Arabic. He was also well-read in the subjects of mathematics, astronomy, medicine, philosophy and logic. Muhammad bin Tughlaq knew by heart a great deal of Persian poetry, understood it well and, in his conversation, often quoted Persian verses; he was a good calligraphist as well. Tughlaq as Soldier Muhammad bin Tughlaq had received excellent military training. He began his career as a soldier. He was promoted as “master of the horse” by Sultan Mubarak Shah Khalji. He is said to be a man of high moral character and led an austere life like his father. Muhammad bin Tughlaq’s Reign The reign of Muhammad bin Tughlaq started with a confident note. His father is reported to be a capable monarch who had enjoyed the confidence of his people. Muhammad inherited a vast empire from his father. However, he was an abstract thinker and an innovator in the field of state albeit...

Muhammad bin Tughlaq was well known for his wisdom and character. People had a lot of expectations from him and he on the other hand, had the desire for more valuable contribution for his countrymen than his predecessors. That is why right from the beginning of his rule; he decided to take some bold reformative measures for the improvement as well as safeguard of the country. Muhammad-bin-Tughluq next to Alluddin Khilzi was the greatest sultan of Delhi who is best remembered for his bold experiments and innovative thought in the field of administration as well as in agriculture. Image Source: upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Muhammad_Tughlak_orders_his_brass_coins_to_pass_for_silver,_A.D._1330.jpg He was one of the most remarkable rulers of his time. He was highly educated and was well versed in Arabic and Persian language. He was well read in the subjects of religion, philosophy, astronomy, mathematics, medicine and logic. He was also a good calligraphist. Further from military point of view, he was an excellent commander and during the time of Sultan Mubarak Shaha Khiliji he was promoted to the rank of the master of the horse from an ordinary soldier. And again during the time of his father Sultan Giyasuddin Tughlaq he led the imperial forces to Telengana and Warrangal. He was highly ambitious and was a man of high moral character. He was very much faithful to his own religion and obeyed the religious rites and was regular at his daily prayers. He abstained hi...

The Tughlaq administration, also called as Tughluq or Tughluk dynasty, was a Muslim line of Turky which managed over the Delhi sultanate in medieval India. Its rule began in 1320 in Delhi. Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq was the first ruler of this dynasty. Khusrau Khan, the last ruler of the Khilji administration was executed by Ghazni Malik. Khusrau Khan, the last ruler of the Khilji administration was executed by Ghazni Malik, who raised the throne accepting the title Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq. He passed away in a mishap and his sone Jauna (Ulugh Khan) succeeded him under the title Mohammad-bin-Tughlaq, in 1325. He ruled Delhi from 1325 to 1351. Muhammand-bin-Tughlaq was born in Kotla in Multan and was married to the daughter of raja of Dipalpur. The Tughlaq Dynasty 1320-24 AD Muhammad Tughlaq 1324-51 AD 1351-88 AD Mohammad Khan 1388 AD Ghiyassuddin Tughlaq Shah II 1388 AD Abu Baqr 1389-90 AD Nasiruddin Muhammad 1390-94 AD Humayun 1394-95 AD Nasiruddin Mahmud 1395-1412 AD He was intellectual of reasoning, philosophy, astronomy, mathematics, calligraphy and physical sciences. He had good knowledge of various languages such as Turkish, Sanskrit, Persian and Arabic. The famous traveller Ibn Battuta visited India during his reign. He was a liberal king who believed in equality. He gave freedom to Hindu as well as Jains. Mohammad-bin-Tughlaq is best recognized as a ruler who attempts various striking trials, and demonstrated a distinct fascination in farming. He was profoundly perused in reli...