My 11 circle substitute rules

Do you find yourself listening to a jazz tune where the piano player or guitarist plays a chord that stands out but somehow still seems to work? In jazz, it’s common for chordal players to substitute certain chords for different chords. When this happens, it’s called a chord substitution. Chord substitutions are sometimes written into compositions by composers, and, other times, they are the deliberate choice of the chordal player or an improviser who is implying a chord substitution by their note choices. Whether or not you are a chordal player, you still need to understand chord substitutions because they are a fundamental part of the jazz language. A jazz tune’s lead sheet or “Real Book” chord progression is just a starting point or suggestion. The freedom to substitute chord changes and create different kinds of harmonic movement is one of the great allures of playing jazz music. In this post, we will answer the question, “ What is a chord substitution?” and go over 5 essential chord substitutions you need to know when learning jazz. This post is a great starting point to learn how chord substitutions work in music theory. However, if you want a deeper dive into what makes a chord substitution work, check out the Learn Jazz Standards Inner Circle. You’ll get access to many courses taught by professional jazz musicians, including music theory lessons on what makes a chord substitution work and how to use them when comping or improvising. Come See What The Inner Circle I...

These deliveries are illegal pitches and the pitch will be called a ball. If the ball is put into play after the illegal pitch, the offense’s manager may decline the illegal pitch penalty and accept the result of the play. If the batter-runner and all runners advance one base, the play proceeds without reference to the illegal pitch. See Rule 8.05(d) PENALTY Are Tee Ball bats without baseball identification permitted to be used in softball? Laminated bats are not specifically discussed in Rule 1.10 for Softball. The common interpretation is that a laminated bat is not of a one-piece construction and should not be treated as a “wooden” bat. This leads to the requirement (in addition to length, diameter and “smooth, rounded stick”) that the laminated bat have a BPF of 1.20 marking and a non-slip sleeve of at least 10 inches. Is it permissible in a Little League Softball® game for pitchers to alternate batters once per inning if each pitcher completes an official at-bat as defined by Little League rules? Rule 3.03(c) specifies that a pitcher remaining in the game, but moving to a different defensive position, may return as the pitcher only once in the inning the pitcher was removed. For Majors/Minor Divisions, a player removed for a substitute may not re-enter the game as a pitcher. There is an EXCEPTION if the pitcher was not removed from the mound. In the Juniors/Senior Divisions, a pitcher may be removed from the game and re-enter as a pitcher provided this does not violat...

These deliveries are illegal pitches and the pitch will be called a ball. If the ball is put into play after the illegal pitch, the offense’s manager may decline the illegal pitch penalty and accept the result of the play. If the batter-runner and all runners advance one base, the play proceeds without reference to the illegal pitch. See Rule 8.05(d) PENALTY Are Tee Ball bats without baseball identification permitted to be used in softball? Laminated bats are not specifically discussed in Rule 1.10 for Softball. The common interpretation is that a laminated bat is not of a one-piece construction and should not be treated as a “wooden” bat. This leads to the requirement (in addition to length, diameter and “smooth, rounded stick”) that the laminated bat have a BPF of 1.20 marking and a non-slip sleeve of at least 10 inches. Is it permissible in a Little League Softball® game for pitchers to alternate batters once per inning if each pitcher completes an official at-bat as defined by Little League rules? Rule 3.03(c) specifies that a pitcher remaining in the game, but moving to a different defensive position, may return as the pitcher only once in the inning the pitcher was removed. For Majors/Minor Divisions, a player removed for a substitute may not re-enter the game as a pitcher. There is an EXCEPTION if the pitcher was not removed from the mound. In the Juniors/Senior Divisions, a pitcher may be removed from the game and re-enter as a pitcher provided this does not violat...

Do you find yourself listening to a jazz tune where the piano player or guitarist plays a chord that stands out but somehow still seems to work? In jazz, it’s common for chordal players to substitute certain chords for different chords. When this happens, it’s called a chord substitution. Chord substitutions are sometimes written into compositions by composers, and, other times, they are the deliberate choice of the chordal player or an improviser who is implying a chord substitution by their note choices. Whether or not you are a chordal player, you still need to understand chord substitutions because they are a fundamental part of the jazz language. A jazz tune’s lead sheet or “Real Book” chord progression is just a starting point or suggestion. The freedom to substitute chord changes and create different kinds of harmonic movement is one of the great allures of playing jazz music. In this post, we will answer the question, “ What is a chord substitution?” and go over 5 essential chord substitutions you need to know when learning jazz. This post is a great starting point to learn how chord substitutions work in music theory. However, if you want a deeper dive into what makes a chord substitution work, check out the Learn Jazz Standards Inner Circle. You’ll get access to many courses taught by professional jazz musicians, including music theory lessons on what makes a chord substitution work and how to use them when comping or improvising. Come See What The Inner Circle I...