Nadp full form

NAD + was discovered during yeast fermentation, and since its discovery, its important roles in redox metabolism, aging, and longevity, the immune system and DNA repair have been highlighted. A deregulation of the NAD + levels has been associated with metabolic diseases and aging-related diseases, including neurodegeneration, defective immune responses, and cancer. NAD + acts as a cofactor through its interplay with NADH, playing an essential role in many enzymatic reactions of energy metabolism, such as glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, and the TCA cycle. NAD + also plays a role in deacetylation by sirtuins and ADP ribosylation during DNA damage/repair by PARP proteins. Finally, different NAD hydrolase proteins also consume NAD + while converting it into ADP-ribose or its cyclic counterpart. Some of these proteins, such as CD38, seem to be extensively involved in the immune response. Since NAD cannot be taken directly from food, NAD metabolism is essential, and NAMPT is the key enzyme recovering NAD from nicotinamide and generating most of the NAD cellular pools. Because of the complex network of pathways in which NAD + is essential, the important role of NAD + and its key generating enzyme, NAMPT, in cancer is understandable. In the present work, we review the role of NAD + and NAMPT in the ways that they may influence cancer metabolism, the immune system, stemness, aging, and cancer. Finally, we review some ongoing research on therapeutic appr...

• Article • • 06 June 2023 NERNST: a genetically-encoded ratiometric non-destructive sensing tool to estimate NADP(H) redox status in bacterial, plant and animal systems • ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-9584-7703 • ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-0359-6391 • • • ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-5888-7834 • ORCID: orcid.org/0009-0006-7778-6488 • ORCID: orcid.org/0009-0007-0280-3754 • ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-5510-5318 • ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-9215-5015 • ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-4340-4446 • ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-9340-3113 • • • ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-8612-5503 • … • ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-3523-2907 Show authors Nature Communications volume 14, Article number: 3277 ( 2023) NADP(H) is a central metabolic hub providing reducing equivalents to multiple biosynthetic, regulatory and antioxidative pathways in all living organisms. While biosensors are available to determine NADP + or NADPH levels in vivo, no probe exists to estimate the NADP(H) redox status, a determinant of the cell energy availability. We describe herein the design and characterization of a genetically-encoded ratiometric biosensor, termed NERNST, able to interact with NADP(H) and estimate E NADP(H). NERNST consists of a redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein (roGFP2) fused to an NADPH-thioredoxin reductase C module which selectively monitors NADP(H) redox states via oxido-reduction of the roGFP2 moiety. NERNST is functional in bacterial, plant and animal cells, and organelles such as chloroplasts and m...

NAD + was discovered during yeast fermentation, and since its discovery, its important roles in redox metabolism, aging, and longevity, the immune system and DNA repair have been highlighted. A deregulation of the NAD + levels has been associated with metabolic diseases and aging-related diseases, including neurodegeneration, defective immune responses, and cancer. NAD + acts as a cofactor through its interplay with NADH, playing an essential role in many enzymatic reactions of energy metabolism, such as glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, and the TCA cycle. NAD + also plays a role in deacetylation by sirtuins and ADP ribosylation during DNA damage/repair by PARP proteins. Finally, different NAD hydrolase proteins also consume NAD + while converting it into ADP-ribose or its cyclic counterpart. Some of these proteins, such as CD38, seem to be extensively involved in the immune response. Since NAD cannot be taken directly from food, NAD metabolism is essential, and NAMPT is the key enzyme recovering NAD from nicotinamide and generating most of the NAD cellular pools. Because of the complex network of pathways in which NAD + is essential, the important role of NAD + and its key generating enzyme, NAMPT, in cancer is understandable. In the present work, we review the role of NAD + and NAMPT in the ways that they may influence cancer metabolism, the immune system, stemness, aging, and cancer. Finally, we review some ongoing research on therapeutic appr...

• Article • • 06 June 2023 NERNST: a genetically-encoded ratiometric non-destructive sensing tool to estimate NADP(H) redox status in bacterial, plant and animal systems • ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-9584-7703 • ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-0359-6391 • • • ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-5888-7834 • ORCID: orcid.org/0009-0006-7778-6488 • ORCID: orcid.org/0009-0007-0280-3754 • ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-5510-5318 • ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-9215-5015 • ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-4340-4446 • ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-9340-3113 • • • ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-8612-5503 • … • ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-3523-2907 Show authors Nature Communications volume 14, Article number: 3277 ( 2023) NADP(H) is a central metabolic hub providing reducing equivalents to multiple biosynthetic, regulatory and antioxidative pathways in all living organisms. While biosensors are available to determine NADP + or NADPH levels in vivo, no probe exists to estimate the NADP(H) redox status, a determinant of the cell energy availability. We describe herein the design and characterization of a genetically-encoded ratiometric biosensor, termed NERNST, able to interact with NADP(H) and estimate E NADP(H). NERNST consists of a redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein (roGFP2) fused to an NADPH-thioredoxin reductase C module which selectively monitors NADP(H) redox states via oxido-reduction of the roGFP2 moiety. NERNST is functional in bacterial, plant and animal cells, and organelles such as chloroplasts and m...