Name the energy losses in transformer

(i) Magnetic flux leakage - It can be reduced by winding the primary and secondary coils one over the another. (ii) Ohmic loss due to the resistance of the windings (wires) - It can be reduced by using thick copper wires. (iii) Eddy current loss- It can be minimised by laminating and insulating the core of the transformer. (iv) Hysteresis loss - It can be minimised by using material(soft iron) which has a low hysteresis loss.

There is, of course, power lost due to resistance of the wire windings. Unless superconducting wires are used, there will always be power dissipated in the form of heat through the resistance of current-carrying conductors. Because transformers require such long lengths of wire, this loss can be a significant factor. Increasing the gauge of the winding wire is one way to minimize this loss, but only with substantial increases in cost, size, and weight. Resistive losses aside, the bulk of transformer power loss is due to magnetic effects in the core. Perhaps the most significant of these “core losses” is eddy-current loss, which is resistive power dissipation due to the passage of induced currents through the iron of the core. Because iron is a conductor of electricity as well as being an excellent “conductor” of magnetic flux, there will be currents induced in the iron just as there are currents induced in the secondary windings from the alternating magnetic field. These induced currents — as described by the perpendicularity clause of Faraday’s Law — tend to circulate through the cross-section of the core perpendicularly to the primary winding turns. Their circular motion gives them their unusual name: like eddies in a stream of water that circulate rather than move in straight lines. Iron is a fair conductor of electricity, but not as good as the copper or aluminum from which wire windings are typically made. Consequently, these “eddy currents” must overcome significant ...

Types of Losses in a Transformer There are different kinds of losses that will be occurred in the transformer such as iron, copper, hysteresis, eddy, stray & dielectric. The copper loss mainly occurs due to Types of Losses in a Transformer Iron Losses in a Transformer Iron losses mainly occur through the alternating flux within the transformer’s core. Once this loss occurs within the core then it is called core loss. This kind of loss mainly depends on the material’s ‘x’ is the constant of the Steinmetz and the value of this constant mainly changes from 1.5 to 2.5. Eddy Current Loss Once the flux is connected to a closed circuit, then an e.m.f can be induced within the circuit and there is a The core of the transformer can be designed with a conducting material. The flow of current in the emf can be supplied within the body of the material. This flow of current is known as eddy current. This current will occur once the conductor experiences an altering magnetic field. When these currents are not accountable for doing any functional task, then it generates a loss within the magnetic material. So it is called as an Eddy Current Loss. This loss can be reduced by designing the core using slight laminations. The eddy current equation can be derived by using the following equation. Pe = KeBm2t2f2V watts Where, ‘Ke’ is the co-efficient of eddy current. This value mainly depends on the magnetic material’s nature like resistivity and volume of the core material & the width of lamin...

Transformer Losses Transformer Losses Zack Swafford November 26, 2016 Submitted as coursework for Introduction Fig. 1: A simple diagram of a transformer. (Source: Transformers are electrical devices that transfer energy, typically between two AC circuits of different voltages. This is useful and important in many applications, but particularly in the context of large-scale power grids it is relevant because it is most efficient to transmit energy long distances from the source at a high voltage, but typical applications (such as household consumption) require a much more modest one. [1] At its heart, the operation of a transformer is quite simple. Two coils (typically labelled primary and secondary) are wound around a conductor. As variable current passes through the central conductor, magnetic fields appear and change. The varying magnetic field in the conductor creates something of the opposite effect in the secondary coil, inducing an electromotive force in that coil. In this manner, a different voltage is in the second coil, and the voltage has been transformed. [1,2] This entire process is illustrated in Fig. 1. Losses In an ideal world, a transformer could be used to change voltages perfectly without diminishing overall power. The energy of the primary coil would be completely transferred to the secondary one. In this case, we could simply apply Faraday's law of induction twice to see that the ratio of the primary and secondary voltages V P and V S is proportional to...

This video visualizes the counter intuitive phenomenon of the transformers, when voltage is stepped up, the current gets stepped down. This is a consequence of energy conservation. Transformers work on the principle of electromagnetic induction - mutual induction. Power line transmission requires both step up and step down transformers. Created by Mahesh Shenoy. suppose you have a bulb which requires a 100 volt to power up and let's say if somewhere far away from your city there's a power station which generates exactly that hundred volts then you might think let's just connect them with cables and we'll get what we want right but that's not what we do in real life instead at the power station we use a transformer and step up that voltage let's say by 10 times to make it a thousand volt and then near our house we use another transformer to step that voltage back down to whatever we need how does this make any sense why do we do that well transmission line wires which are so many kilometers long have considerable resistances which you cannot neglect and you might know that current flowing through a resistance heats up causing power loss wait a second how does using transformers help in reducing the power loss that's exactly what we'll explore in this video i want to actually show you what happens to the currents when the voltage gets stepped up or stepped down and once we get that we'll come back over here towards the end of the video and answer our question so since the cu...