Oxytocin slideshare

The microbiome is increasingly playing a part in neurological disease. And as researchers work to further understand this connection, it has become clear that microbes play a role in regulating multigenerational health. In a session at the 144th Annual Meeting of the American Neurological Association (ANA) in October 2019, Susan Erdman, DVM, MPH, will be speaking about “Microbes Modulate Host Oxytocin and Multigenerational Health.” 1 Neurology Consultant spoke with Dr Erdman to get a preview of her session and an inside look at her research. Susan E. Erdman, DVM, MPH, is a principal research scientist and assistant director in the Division of Comparative Medicine at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. NEUROLOGY CONSULTANT: Can you give us an overview of your session? Susan Erdman:This presentation involves the microbiome and neuropeptide hormone oxytocin (sometimes referred to as the “love hormone”), which has roles in reproduction, social bonding, energy metabolism, and wound repair—all contributing to overall good health. Our underlying research investigates microbes that have been inherited, much like genes for most of human history, but that many people have since lost due to modern living practices like refined diets, antibiotics, Cesarean-section births, and bottled-milk formulas. These “lost heirlooms” imply that targeted microbial reintroductions have the potential to revitalize individuals and societies. It was previously shown that feeding a probiotic huma...

Study Assessment Option By completing 4 multiple-choice questions (randomly selected) after studying this chapter readers can qualify for Continuing Professional Development awards from FIGO plus a Study Completion Certificate from GLOWM See end of chapter for details INTRODUCTION Induction of laboris defined as the artificial process of initiating labor before spontaneous onset, using mechanical or pharmacological methods. Augmentation of labor, however, is the stimulation of uterine contractions once the woman has spontaneously initiated labor, but the progress is considered inadequate. The rates of induction of labor have been progressively increasing over past decades, especially in developed countries. This is the result of better diagnostic tools and understanding of maternal and fetal medical complications. There is still a significant difference in the rates of induction of labor between countries. From the highest rates observed in Asian and Latin American countries (highest Sri Lanka 35.5%) , INDICATIONS AND CONTRAINDICATIONS As a general rule, induction of labor is indicated when the benefits of delivery to the mother or the fetus outweigh the risks associated with induction of labor. That is to say that induction of labor is indicated when the continuation of pregnancy poses a risk to maternal and/or fetal health. The most common reasons for induction of labor are postdate pregnancy and maternal disease such as hypertension/pre-eclampsia or gestational or pre-e...

The pituitary gland and the hypothalamus—are located in or near the brain. The hypothalamus and the pituitary gland are like orchestra conductors. Their job is to tell other endocrine glands throughout the body to make the hormones that affect and protect every aspect of your health. Found deep inside the brain, the hypothalamus produces releasing and inhibiting hormones and controls the “master gland”— the pituitary. Together, the hypothalamus and pituitary tell the other endocrine glands in your body to make the hormones that affect and protect every aspect of your health. Pineal glands is important for the sleep cycle regulation of female reproductive hormone associated with fertility and menstrual cycle. Researchers are still learning about the potential functions of the pineal gland and the hormone melatonin. Other hormones produced in the brain are: • Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) - also called vasopressin, which regulate sodium levels and water balance.Lack of ADH causes increased urination and thirst, a condition that is called • Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TSH)is produced in the hypothalamus and stimulates the release stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones. Too much TSH is rare and will cause Hypothalamus Hormones Kisspeptin Kisspeptin, made in the hypothalamus, is an important hormone that starts the release of several other hormones. Also called metastin, this interesting hormone is connected to What Does Kisspeptin Do? Kisspeptin enters into r...

A contraction stress test is a test for pregnant people. It measures your baby’s heart rate during labor contractions. In a contraction, your baby’s oxygen and blood supply temporarily drop. Most babies can handle this decrease. But if your baby’s heart rate stays low after a contraction, it could mean your baby will have problems with typical labor. Overview What is a contraction stress test? A contraction stress test (CST) is a test for pregnant people. It checks your baby for signs of stress during uterine contractions. During the test, your healthcare provider gives you a hormone that makes your uterus contract. These contractions are similar to labor contractions but typically don’t start labor. During labor contractions, your baby’s blood and oxygen supply temporarily drop. Most babies can handle this decrease. But some babies’ heart rates lower even after the contraction is over. A CST simulates labor contractions to see if your baby can tolerate the drop in blood and oxygen. Who needs a contraction stress test? You usually only need a CST if you have atypical results after a nonstress test or biophysical profile: • Nonstress tests check your baby’s heart rate and oxygen supply. Healthcare providers perform nonstress tests around 28 weeks of pregnancy. • Biophysical profiles use a nonstress test along with soundwave imaging ( What is the difference between a nonstress test and a contraction stress test? During a nonstress test, your healthcare provider monitors your...