Papilio polytes

– Dr. Riddhi Deshmukh received the – Our comprehensive review on the Ann. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst . – Vaishali Bhaumik and Riddhi Deshmukh defended their PhD theses. Congratulations, newly minted Drs! – – Vaishali Bhaumik published her second paper on – Dipendra Basu Nath's paper on the very cool – Congratulations to Saurav, Gandhimathi and Riddhi on the Science Advances paper on doublesex! – Our Am Nat paper won Mimicry in Papilio polytes: Papilio polytes, otherwise known as the Common Mormon butterfly, ranges widely from Sri Lanka and India to Indo-China, S. Japan, the Philippines and Sunda Islands in SE Asia. Its caterpillars feed on a variety of Rutaceae plants ( Citrus and allied genera, including lemon and orange plants) and the butterfly is palatable to its predators such as birds. Various female forms of this species derive protection from such predators with their resemblance to distantly related, chemically protected (toxic) Pachliopta butterflies, which experienced birds avoid eating. This type of resemblance is called Batesian mimicry, which is restricted in P. polytes to females, and the toxic species they resemble are called "models". Throughout its range, and in numerous subspecific variations, P. polytes has a single non-mimetic male form, with which cyrus, a male-like non-mimetic female form, co-occurs (see the figure). Most populations also have up to two female forms that mimic locally available Pachliopta species. The female-limited mimetic polymorphism r...

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Butterfly School: Metamorphosis Metamorphosis Butterflies and moths go through a life cycle known as complete metamorphosis. The stages of their life cycle include: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Below is a description of each life stage, as well as photographs showing each stage in the life cycle of Papilio polytes, the Common Mormon Butterfly. This photograph shows a swallowtail egg on the bottom surface of a citrus leaf. Swallowtail females typically lay only one egg on a leaf, but each species of butterfly has its own particular "style" of laying eggs. Some butterflies lay their eggs in clusters, and some butterflies lay their eggs on the upper surface of the leaf. Every butterfly begins its life as an EGG. Female butterflies are very picky about where they lay their eggs! This is because caterpillars are very picky about what they will eat! Each species of butterfly will only eat a single plant (or group of closely related plants) as caterpillars. This particular plant that a caterpillar must have is called the HOST PLANT for that species of butterfly (or moth). This photograph is a picture of a first instar caterpillar of the butterfly species Papilio polytes (the Common Mormon). When a butterfly or moth larva (also known as a caterpillar) first hatches from its egg, it is very small! This young caterpillar is referred to as a FIRST INSTAR caterpillar. A caterpillar has only one job: to eat! Many species of caterpillars begin their feast by eating their egg shell, whic...