Poona pact

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Encyclopedia Of Indian History! Welcome to Historical India! Historical India is an academic community platform where any enthusiast may join, create and edit articles. Come contribute to this open-source community project and help create an authentic encyclopedia of Indian history. Feel free to publish interesting articles, cite references from the content-rich books, research papers etc., that you read, or just create an article on your favorite historical figure or epoch. Table Of Contents In 1932,B.R. Ambedkarnegotiated the Poona Pact with Mahatma Gandhi. The background to the Poona Pact was the Communal Award of August 1932 which provided a separate electorate for depressed classes. The pact signifies a solution derived by amalgamating two different ideologies(Ambedkar: Political Approach and Gandhi: Social Approach),striving to achieve a common goal for upliftment of one of most vulnerable sections of the Indian society. Background of the Poona Pact On August 16, 1932, theBritish Prime Minister, Ramsay MacDonald,announced theCommunal Awardwhich provided forseparate electoratesfor theDepressed Classes,the Muslims, the Europeans, the Sikhs, the Anglo-Indians and the Indian-based Christians. The Award of 1932 was built on the notion of separate electorates that the British government had already put in place through theMorley-Minto Reforms (1909)and theMontagu-Chelmsford Reforms (1919). Under a separate electorates system, each community was allocated a number of seats ...

The annual journal of the Indian History Congress, entitled The Proceedings of the Indian History Congress carries research papers selected out of papers presented at its annual sessions on all aspects and periods of Indian History from pre-history to contemporary times as well as the history of countries other than India. The addresses of the General President and the Presidents of the six sections generally take up broad issues of interpretation and historical debate. The journal has constantly taken the view that ‘India’ for its purpose is the country with its Pre-Partition boundaries, while treats Contemporary History as the history of Indian Union after 1947. The papers included in the Proceedings can be held to represent fairly well the current trends of historical research in India. Thus there has been a growth of papers on women’s history, environmental and regional history. This journal has appeared annually since 1935 except for five different years when the annual sessions of the Indian History Congress could not be held. The Indian History Congress is the major national organisation of Indian historians, and has occupied this position since its founding session under the name of Modern History Congress, held at Poona in 1935. In his address the organisation's first President, Professor Shafaat Ahmad Khan called upon Indian historians to study all aspects of history, rather than only political history and to emphasize the integrative factors in the past. Its nam...

By India Today Web Desk: An agreement between Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi was signed 84 years ago on September 24, 1932. The agreement was signed by Pt Madan Mohan Malviya and Dr. B. R. Ambedkar and some Dalit leaders at Yerwada Central Jail in Pune, to break Mahathma Gandhi's fast unto death. Why did Mahatma Gandhi go on a fast unto death? In 1932, the Britishers announced 'The Communal Award' which was considered as one of the tools of divide and rule in India. Mahatma Gandhi understood their move and knew that this was an attack on Indian nationalism. Therefore, Mahatma Gandhi went on a hunger strike and objected to the provision of separate electorates for the Dalits. Gandhi opposed the British since he felt that their policies would divide the Hindu society. What were the terms of the Poona Pact? • Seat reservation for the Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST) in provincial legislature • The STs and SCs would form an electoral college which would elect four candidates for the general electorate • The representation of these classes was based on the standards of joint electorates and reserved seats • About 19 per cent of seats were to be reserved for these classes in legislature • The system of election to the panel of candidates in both, Central and Provincial Legislature should come to end in 10 years, unless it ends on mutual terms • The representation of the classes through reservation should continue as per clauses 1 and 4 until determined,...

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Latest Current Affairs • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • NCERT Notes: Poona Pact - 1932 [Modern Indian History Notes For UPSC] The Poona Pact was an agreement between M K Gandhi and B R Ambedkar signed in the Yerwada Central Jail, Poona on September 24 th, 1932 on behalf of the depressed class for the reservation of the electoral seats in the Legislature of the British Government. It was signed by Ambedkar on behalf of the depressed classes and by Madan Mohan Malviya on behalf of Hindus and Gandhi as a means to end the fast that Gandhi was undertaking in jail as a protest against the decision made by British prime minister Ramsay MacDonald to give separate electorates to depressed classes for the election of members of provincial legislative assemblies in British India. This is an important topic for the UPSC Exam and these notes will also be useful for other competitive exams like bank exams, This Pact ended the fast that Gandhi had undertaken in the jail to protest against British Prime Minister Ramsay Macdonald’s award of a separate electorate to the Depressed Classes. The candidates can read more relevant information from the links provided below: Cripps Mission The Lucknow Pact, ...

Introduction to Poona Pact • In late September 1932, B.R. Ambedkar negotiated the Poona Pact with Mahatma Gandhi. • The background to the Poona Pact was the Communal Award of August 1932, which, among other things, reserved 71 seats in the central legislature for the depressed classes. • Gandhi, who was opposed to the Communal Award, saw it as a British attempt to split Hindus, and began a fast unto death to have it repealed. Fair representation • In a settlement negotiated with Gandhi, Ambedkar agreed for depressed class candidates to be elected by a joint electorate. • However, on his insistence, slightly over twice as many seats (147) were reserved for the depressed classes in the legislature than what had been allotted under the Communal Award. • In addition, the Poona Pact assured a fair representation of the depressed classes in the public services while earmarking a portion of the educational grant for their uplift. • The Poona Pact was an emphatic acceptance by upper-class Hindus that the depressed classes constituted the most discriminated sections of Hindu society. • It was also conceded that something concrete had to be done to give them a political voice as well as a leg-up to lift them from a backwardness they could not otherwise overcome. • The concessions agreed to in the Poona Pact were precursors to the world’s largest affirmative programme launched much later in independent India. • A slew of measures were initiated later to uplift Scheduled Castes and ...

Ashok Gopal’s 'A Part Apart: The Life and Thought of B.R. Ambedkar', the first complete biography of Ambedkar published by Navayana on the eve of the 132nd birth anniversary, sheds new light on the Ambedkar–Gandhi debate by paying attention to Ambedkar’s writings in Marathi on the Poona Pact and his evolving views on Gandhi. Gandhi made his own position on the Poona Pact of 1932 quite confusing. On the one hand, he had claimed that though he was a Touchable by birth, he was an ‘Untouchable by choice’, who represented ‘the lowest strata of the Untouchables’ (Pyarelal 1932: 20). In his conversation with Ambedkar on 22 September, Gandhi had even claimed that because he was an ‘Untouchable by adoption’, he was ‘more of an Untouchable in mind’ than Ambedkar (60). But in the course of that very conversation, Gandhi referred to the Untouchables as ‘your community’, and made a strong plea to Ambedkar on behalf of ‘my Caste Hindu brethren’ (70). Gandhi’s dual position was also evident in relation to the term he had started using, ‘Harijans’ or ‘people of God’. Writing in Navajivan on 3 August 1931, he said he had chosen the term, suggested by one Jagannath Desai from Rajkot, as it was a ‘beautiful’ alternative to ‘Antyaja’, and had been coined by a Brahmin saint, Narasinh Mehta, ‘the father of Gujarati poetry’ (CWMG 47: 244–45, 248). Gandhi had not consulted any Untouchable organisation before thrusting a name on them, and he sa...

By India Today Web Desk: An agreement between Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi was signed 84 years ago on September 24, 1932. The agreement was signed by Pt Madan Mohan Malviya and Dr. B. R. Ambedkar and some Dalit leaders at Yerwada Central Jail in Pune, to break Mahathma Gandhi's fast unto death. Why did Mahatma Gandhi go on a fast unto death? In 1932, the Britishers announced 'The Communal Award' which was considered as one of the tools of divide and rule in India. Mahatma Gandhi understood their move and knew that this was an attack on Indian nationalism. Therefore, Mahatma Gandhi went on a hunger strike and objected to the provision of separate electorates for the Dalits. Gandhi opposed the British since he felt that their policies would divide the Hindu society. What were the terms of the Poona Pact? • Seat reservation for the Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST) in provincial legislature • The STs and SCs would form an electoral college which would elect four candidates for the general electorate • The representation of these classes was based on the standards of joint electorates and reserved seats • About 19 per cent of seats were to be reserved for these classes in legislature • The system of election to the panel of candidates in both, Central and Provincial Legislature should come to end in 10 years, unless it ends on mutual terms • The representation of the classes through reservation should continue as per clauses 1 and 4 until determined,...

Introduction to Poona Pact • In late September 1932, B.R. Ambedkar negotiated the Poona Pact with Mahatma Gandhi. • The background to the Poona Pact was the Communal Award of August 1932, which, among other things, reserved 71 seats in the central legislature for the depressed classes. • Gandhi, who was opposed to the Communal Award, saw it as a British attempt to split Hindus, and began a fast unto death to have it repealed. Fair representation • In a settlement negotiated with Gandhi, Ambedkar agreed for depressed class candidates to be elected by a joint electorate. • However, on his insistence, slightly over twice as many seats (147) were reserved for the depressed classes in the legislature than what had been allotted under the Communal Award. • In addition, the Poona Pact assured a fair representation of the depressed classes in the public services while earmarking a portion of the educational grant for their uplift. • The Poona Pact was an emphatic acceptance by upper-class Hindus that the depressed classes constituted the most discriminated sections of Hindu society. • It was also conceded that something concrete had to be done to give them a political voice as well as a leg-up to lift them from a backwardness they could not otherwise overcome. • The concessions agreed to in the Poona Pact were precursors to the world’s largest affirmative programme launched much later in independent India. • A slew of measures were initiated later to uplift Scheduled Castes and ...