Premchand

डाक टिकट पर प्रेमचंद जन्म 31 जुलाई 1880 लमही, वर्तमान - लमही, मृत्यु 8 अक्टूबर 1936 ( 1936-10-08) (उम्र56) व्यवसाय अध्यापक, लेखक, पत्रकार राष्ट्रीयता अवधि/काल विधा कहानी और उपन्यास विषय साहित्यिक आन्दोलन , उल्लेखनीय कार्य हस्ताक्षर धनपत राय श्रीवास्तव ( ३१ जुलाई १८८० – ८अक्टूबर १९३६ जो प्रेमचंद नाम से जाने जाते हैं, वो जागरण तथा साहित्यिक पत्रिका हंस का संपादन और प्रकाशन भी किया। इसके लिए उन्होंने सरस्वती प्रेस खरीदा जो बाद में घाटे में रहा और बन्द करना पड़ा। प्रेमचंद फिल्मों की पटकथा लिखने मुंबई आए और लगभग तीन वर्ष तक रहे। जीवन के अंतिम दिनों तक वे साहित्य सृजन में लगे रहे। महाजनी सभ्यता उनका अंतिम निबन्ध, साहित्य का उद्देश्य अन्तिम व्याख्यान, कफन अन्तिम कहानी, गोदान अन्तिम पूर्ण उपन्यास तथा मंगलसूत्र अन्तिम अपूर्ण उपन्यास माना जाता है। अनुक्रम • 1 जीवन परिचय • 2 साहित्यिक जीवन • 3 रचनाएँ • 3.1 उपन्यास • 3.2 कहानी • 3.3 नाटक • 3.4 कथेतर साहित्य • 3.5 अनुवाद • 3.6 विविध • 4 संपादन • 5 विशेषताएँ • 6 विचारधारा • 7 विरासत • 8 प्रेमचंद संबंधी रचनाएँ • 8.1 जीवनी • 8.2 आलोचनात्मक पुस्तकें • 8.3 प्रेमचंद और सिनेमा • 9 स्मृतियाँ • 10 विवाद • 11 हिन्दी विकिस्रोत पर उपलब्ध प्रेमचन्द साहित्य • 12 सन्दर्भ • 12.1 सहायक पुस्तकें जीवन परिचय प्रेमचंद का जन्म 31 जुलाई इस बात की पुष्टि रामविलास शर्मा के इस कथन से होती है कि- "सौतेली माँ का व्यवहार, बचपन में शादी, पण्डे-पुरोहित का कर्मकाण्ड, किसानों और क्लर्कों का दुखी जीवन-यह सब प्रेमचंद ने सोलह साल की उम्र में ही देख लिया था। इसीलिए उनके ये अनुभव एक जबर्दस्त सचाई लिए हुए उनके कथा-साहित्य में झलक उठे थे।" प्रेमचंद घर में शीर्षक पुस्तक भी लि...

Image Source: Amazon Introduction: Book Name: Godaan Author Name: Munshi Premchand Language: Hindi Genre: Novel Godaan is a popular Hindi novel by Munshi Premchand. It was first released in 1936 and is contemplated one of the tremendous Hindi novels of contemporary Indian literature. Themed around the socio-economic deprivation as well as the exploitation of the village poor, the book was the final extensive book of Premchand. About the Author: Munshi Premchand was an Indian novelist popular for his contemporary Hindustani books. He is one of the greatly celebrated novelists of the Indian subcontinent and is heeded as one of the foremost Hindi novelists of the ahead twentieth century. His books include Godaan, Karmabhoomi, Gaban, Mansarovar, Idgah. He disseminated his first exhibition of five short stories in 1907 in a novel called Soz-e-Watan. He started composing under the pen name “Nawab Rai”, but afterward shifted to “Premchand” being an honorary prefix. A novel writer, story novelist, and impressive, he has been pertained to as the “Upanyas Samrat” by novelists. His works include more than a dozen books, around 300 short stories, various essays, and interpretations of various foreign literary works in Hindi. When he was 7 years old, Dhanpat Rai started his education at a Madrasa in Lalpur, found near Lemhi. He learned Urdu and Persian from a maulvi on the madrasa. When he was 8, his mommy died after a high illness. His grandmother, who took the duty of raising him, di...

The Style, Influences and Great Works of Munshi Premchand Style and Influences As long as the shackles of wealth and property bind us, we will remain accursed forever and newer attain the altar of humanity, which is life’s ultimate goal. Apart from being a Novelist and Author, Premchand was also a social reformer and a thinker. The remarkable characteristic of his writing was the reality with which Premchand depicted his characters in the novels. Unlike other contemporary writers, Premchand did not write fantasy fictions, or stories based upon a hero. His novels mainly consisted messages on social evils like, dowry, poverty, communalism, colonialism and corruption and zamindari. Premchand was the first writer of the twentieth century to bring reality in the literature. Munshi Premchand is considered the first Hindi author whose writings prominently featured realism. His novels describe the problems of the poor and the urban middle-class people. His works depict a rationalistic outlook, which views religious values as something that allows the powerful hypocrites to exploit the weak. He used literature for the purpose of arousing public awareness about national and social issues and often wrote about topics related to poverty, corruption, child widowhood, prostitution, feudal system, colonialism and on the India’s freedom movement. Munshi Premchand started taking an interest in political affairs while at Kanpur during the late 1900s, and this is reflected in his early works...

A new volume showcases Premchand’s stories that talk of Hindu-Muslim unity. “Communalism is forever paying its respect to culture. Perhaps it is ashamed of being seen in its true form. Like the donkey that wears a lion’s skin and lords over the animals in a jungle, communalism wraps itself in the garb of culture.” Premchand, one of the two internationally best known Indian writers, along with Rabindranath Tagore, wrote these lines way back in 1934 as he was prescient enough to comprehend the way communalism worked to spread its influence and impede the anti-British struggle of the masses. Elsewhere, he also wrote about the perils of unfamiliarity between the Hindus and the Muslims who, despite having lived together for many centuries, lacked familiarity with each other’s religion, customs, and culture. In his view, this was also a factor that contributed to widening of the chasm between the two communities. To fill this gap, he penned many short stories, and even a play, on the common social and cultural heritage and shared living of the Hindus and the Muslims and on overtly Islamic themes so as to inform and enlighten the Hindus about the principles and history of Islam. He also made a definitive statement that Islam did not spread in India through the sword. However, Premchand was unsparing in his approach to communalism of all communities. He opposed the idea of identifying Hindi with the Hindus and Urdu with the Muslims, arguing that Muslims living in south India spoke...

Original text Godaan ( गोदान, gōdān, The Gift of a Cow. Godaan was made into a Hindi film in 1963, starring Godaan was part of the 27-episode TV series, Tehreer.... Munshi Premchand Ki, Plot [ ] The story revolves around many characters representing the various sections of Indian community. The peasant and rural society is represented by the family of Hori is in huge debt from local money lenders and eventually married off his daughter Rupa for mere 200 rupees to save his ancestral land from being auctioned because of his inability to pay land tax. But his determination to pay those 200 rupees and to have a cow to provide milk to his grand son, leads to Hori's death because of excessive work. When he is about to die, his wife Dhania took out all the money she had (1.25 rupees) and made Hori pay the priest on behalf of godaan (cow donation). This eventually fulfils the traditional dream of Hori but still his desire to pay back the 200 rupees to his son-in-law and to have a cow to feed the milk to his grandson remain unfulfilled. Hori is shown as a typical poor peasant who is the victim of circumstances and possess all the deficiencies of common man but despite all this, he stands by his honesty, duties and judgement when time requires. He is shown dead partially satisfied and partially unsatisfied towards the end of the story. In a way, Hori stays true to his beliefs hence making the ending bittersweet. Characters [ ] • • Dhania is Hori's wife, devoted to him and always sup...

One of the least talked-about aspects of Satyajit Ray’s cinematic world is his tryst with Munshi Premchand’s work. On one hand, Munshi Premchand exemplified how a literary lens is most rewarding for exploring conflicts of society, as well as its textures, fragmentations and nuances. But on the other, it was auteur extraordinaire Satyajit Ray who played a key role in bringing Premchand’s layered and heart-warming stories to the limelight. The tradition of ‘filming’ literature has been a rich and long one. The liveliness of ‘ Shabd‘ and ‘ Charitra’ are best captured through film. This long connection between memory and vitality has been immortalised in the works of Satyajit Ray, Mrinal Sen, Shyam Benegal, Govind Nihalani, Aparna Sen, Basu Chatterjee, Hrishikesh Mukherjee, Buddhadeb Dasgupta and many others. However, the relationship between literature and cinema seems incomplete without ‘Ray moshai’ and his adaptation of writer Munshi Premchand’s works. While Ray is known for his contribution to Bengali cinema, he has made only two films in Hindi — both based on the stories of Premchand. In 1977, he made Shatranj Ke Khiladi and in 1981, a 45-minute telefilm Bringing literature to the cinematic screen is a gargantuan task because of the difference between the ‘craft’ and ‘pace’ of both mediums — they essentially change plot and characters­­. This is precisely why filmmakers avoid coercive experiments. Despite this, some filmmakers have been adventuro...

Born in Lamhi, a village near Varanasi on July 31, 1880, Dhanpat Rai Srivastav went on to become one of India’s greatest literary figures and was popularly known by his pen name Munshi Premchand. Born as Dhanpat Rai Srivastav, this great author first assumed the pen name Nawab Rai. In 1907, when one of his works was banned by the British rulers, he was prompted to change his pen name to Premchand.(Illustration: Gajanan Nirphale) Premchand received his early education at a madrasa in Lalpur, where he learnt Urdu and Persian. Later on, he studied at a missionary school where he learnt the English language. His mother, a homemaker, passed away when he was eight years old. Nine years later, the death of Premchand’s father, who was a postal clerk, interrupted the youngster’s education. Becoming Self Sufficient After supporting himself by taking tuitions for a few years, he became an assistant teacher at a government school in Bahraich district in 1900. It was around this time that he also began writing fiction. Initially, he assumed the pen name Nawab Rai for his first novel Asrar e Ma’abid, which focused on corruption among temple priests and exploitation of poor people. The novel was serialised in the Varanasi-based Urdu weekly Awaz-e-Khalk from October 1903 to February 1905. He began his literary career in Urdu but eventually switched to writing in Hindi. Writing for the masses The author was influenced by the freedom movement and his works not only entertained readers, but ...

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A new volume showcases Premchand’s stories that talk of Hindu-Muslim unity. “Communalism is forever paying its respect to culture. Perhaps it is ashamed of being seen in its true form. Like the donkey that wears a lion’s skin and lords over the animals in a jungle, communalism wraps itself in the garb of culture.” Premchand, one of the two internationally best known Indian writers, along with Rabindranath Tagore, wrote these lines way back in 1934 as he was prescient enough to comprehend the way communalism worked to spread its influence and impede the anti-British struggle of the masses. Elsewhere, he also wrote about the perils of unfamiliarity between the Hindus and the Muslims who, despite having lived together for many centuries, lacked familiarity with each other’s religion, customs, and culture. In his view, this was also a factor that contributed to widening of the chasm between the two communities. To fill this gap, he penned many short stories, and even a play, on the common social and cultural heritage and shared living of the Hindus and the Muslims and on overtly Islamic themes so as to inform and enlighten the Hindus about the principles and history of Islam. He also made a definitive statement that Islam did not spread in India through the sword. However, Premchand was unsparing in his approach to communalism of all communities. He opposed the idea of identifying Hindi with the Hindus and Urdu with the Muslims, arguing that Muslims living in south India spoke...

Image Source: Amazon Introduction: Book Name: Godaan Author Name: Munshi Premchand Language: Hindi Genre: Novel Godaan is a popular Hindi novel by Munshi Premchand. It was first released in 1936 and is contemplated one of the tremendous Hindi novels of contemporary Indian literature. Themed around the socio-economic deprivation as well as the exploitation of the village poor, the book was the final extensive book of Premchand. About the Author: Munshi Premchand was an Indian novelist popular for his contemporary Hindustani books. He is one of the greatly celebrated novelists of the Indian subcontinent and is heeded as one of the foremost Hindi novelists of the ahead twentieth century. His books include Godaan, Karmabhoomi, Gaban, Mansarovar, Idgah. He disseminated his first exhibition of five short stories in 1907 in a novel called Soz-e-Watan. He started composing under the pen name “Nawab Rai”, but afterward shifted to “Premchand” being an honorary prefix. A novel writer, story novelist, and impressive, he has been pertained to as the “Upanyas Samrat” by novelists. His works include more than a dozen books, around 300 short stories, various essays, and interpretations of various foreign literary works in Hindi. When he was 7 years old, Dhanpat Rai started his education at a Madrasa in Lalpur, found near Lemhi. He learned Urdu and Persian from a maulvi on the madrasa. When he was 8, his mommy died after a high illness. His grandmother, who took the duty of raising him, di...