crown gall, plant disease, caused by the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens (synonym Rhizobium radiobacter). Thousands of plant species are susceptible. They include especially grape, members of the rose family (Rosaceae), shade and nut trees, many shrubs and vines, and perennial garden plants. Symptoms include roundish rough-surfaced galls (woody tumourlike growths), several centimetres or.

One of the world's most horrific environmental disasters -- the 1950 and 60s mercury poisoning in Minamata, Japan -- may have been caused by a previously unstudied form of mercury discharged.

Chikungunya virus is primarily transmitted to people through the bite of an infected mosquito, mainly Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. People are the primary host of chikungunya virus during epidemic periods. Mosquitoes become infected when they feed on a person who already has the virus. Blood-borne transmission of chikungunya virus is.

Whooping cough The bacteria that causes whooping cough 1914 A whooping cough (pertussis) vaccine is licensed in the U.S. 1948 In the U.S., the whooping cough (pertussis), diphtheria and tetanus vaccines are combined into one licensed vaccine called the diphtheria, tetanus toxoid and whole-cell pertussis (DTP) vaccine. 1991

Rabies is caused by lyssaviruses, including the rabies virus and Australian bat lyssavirus. It is spread when an infected animal bites or scratches a human or other animals. Saliva from an infected animal can also transmit rabies if the saliva comes into contact with the eyes, mouth, or nose.

In about half of patients, symptoms of mumps infection may include fever, headache, sore throat, muscle aches, poor appetite and malaise (a general feeling of sickness). The mumps virus causes pain and swelling in front of the earlobe, called parotitis. Because of the pain of parotitis, chewing and swallowing may be very uncomfortable, and the.

Gonorrhea is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a bacterium that can grow and multiply easily in mucous membranes of the body. Gonorrhea bacteria can grow in the warm, moist areas of the reproductive tract, including the cervix (opening to the womb), uterus (womb), and fallopian tubes (egg canals) in women, and in the urethra (urine canal) in.

The second – which was known as the Black Death – swept through medieval Europe, starting from the 14th century. The third pandemic began in China in the 19th century, and spread to other.

Fever Headache Back or neck pain or stiffness Muscle weakness Stomach pain Vomiting "Nonparalytic polio" symptoms like these often don't cause you to become paralyzed. They usually go away on.

Causative bacteria Tetanus is caused by Clostridium tetani, anaerobic bacteria that thrive in the absence of oxygen. They produce spores that can survive for many years in the surrounding.

Symptoms and Causes What causes cholera? Cholera comes from the V. cholerae bacteria. People infected with these bacteria can spread disease through their feces (also called stool or poop). They do so when infected feces get into the water system.

Antibiotics, such as penicillin or erythromycin, help kill bacteria in the body, clearing up infections. Antibiotics lessen the time that someone with diphtheria is contagious. An antitoxin. If a doctor suspects diphtheria, he or she will request a medication that counteracts the diphtheria toxin in the body.