Short note on artificial satellite

• Artificial satellites are man-made objects placed in an orbit to rotate around a planet – usually the Earth. • The world’s first artificial satellite launched was Sputnik-by Russia, Aryabhatta was the first satellite launched by India. • These satellites are used in television and radio transmission, studying agriculture yield, locating mineral resources, weather forecasting, locate different places on Earth.

A satellite is a small object that orbits, or revolves around, a larger object in The first artificial satellite was Sputnik 1. The Soviet Union launched it into orbit around Earth in 1957. The first successful U.S. satellite was Explorer 1. It was launched in 1958. Now dozens of new satellites are put into space every year. They orbit around Earth as well as the Moon, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and other bodies. Artificial satellites have many purposes. Scientific satellites collect information about space. The Hubble Space Telescope is a scientific satellite that orbits around Earth. It sees the sky more clearly than telescopes on the ground. Communications satellites help send telephone calls, radio and television programs, and computer information all over the world. Airplanes, ships, and cars with special equipment can use information from satellites to find the way from place to place. Militaries use satellites for spying. Satellites are used in weather forecasting, too. A space station is a special kind of satellite used by astronauts. Astronauts can live on a space station for months while they gather information and do experiments. • The same safe and trusted content for explorers of all ages. • Accessible across all of today's devices: phones, tablets, and desktops. • Improved homework resources designed to support a variety of curriculum subjects and standards. • A new, third level of content, designed specially to meet the advanced needs of the sophisticated scholar...

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Satellites that are made by people and launched into orbit using rockets are called artificial satellites. There are thousands of artificial satellites orbiting the Earth. The Moon Any large object that orbits around a planet is called a moon (small ‘m’). The Earth has one moon called the Moon (capital ‘M’). The Moon takes 27.3 days to orbit the Earth once, moving at an orbital speed of 1 km/s. Find out more about our Moon Moons around other planets Galileo was the first person to discover that other planets can have moons. He saw that Jupiter had four moons with his newly invented telescope in 1610 AD. At first, he thought they were stars, but he noticed that, each night, the four points of light appeared to change positions slightly. He realised they were actually moons orbiting around Jupiter. Another astronomer of the time, Simon Marius, named them Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto after the lovers of Zeus, the ancient Greek mythological King of the Gods and Men. We now know that Jupiter has at least 64 moons. All except two of the planets (Venus and Mercury) in our Solar System have natural satellites called moons. Other natural satellites in our Solar System Planets, asteroids and comets orbit around stars such as our Sun and so can also be thought of as natural satellites. Our Solar System has eight official planets as well as millions of minor planets, asteroids, comets and other objects orbiting around the Sun. All of these can be thought of as natural satellites....

Natural satellites are heavenly bodies revolving around a planet in their fixed orbits. They are comparatively larger in size and their orbits have larger radii. Their surfaces are made of rocky mountains or gas. Artificial satellites revolve around the earth much closer than the moon. They are man-made bodies fitted with sophisticated instruments and cameras and made to rotate around their planets in pre-fixed orbits. They are launched using rockets in the orbit from the earth. Sputnik – I was the first artificial satellite launched on 4 th October 1997 by the Soviet Union. It was very small in size (58 cm in diameter), weighed only 83.6 kg. and took about 98 minutes to orbit the Earth on its elliptical path. Yuri Gagarin of the Soviet Union of Russia was the first man to travel in space. A beach Lyka was the first animal to travel in a space. Indian Progress: Aryabhatta was the first Indian satellite launched on 19 th April 1975 by Russian rocket SOYUZ from the Russian launch pad at Baikonur. Some other artificial satellites are INSAT (Indian National Satellite), IRS (Indian Remote Sensing satellites) Kalpana – I, Edusat, GSat etc. In India, the space research is done by ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization). ISRO’s CHANDRAYAN project has great success. It has found water on the surface of the moon for the first time. India had successfully launched a spacecraft called Mangalyaan to Mars. Indian satellites are projected in the space from Shri Harikota near Andhraprad...