Sinus rhythm ecg

Sinus bradycardia is a heart rhythm where your heart beats slower than expected (under 60 beats per minute for adults) but otherwise works normally. It’s fairly common, especially in adults over 65 and those who exercise regularly. It’s usually not serious unless you have symptoms. It’s typically treatable with medications or a permanent pacemaker. Overview An electrocardiogram example of sinus bradycardia. What is sinus bradycardia? Sinus bradycardia is a heart rhythm that’s slower than expected (fewer than 60 beats per minute in an adult) but is otherwise normal. It’s sometimes a symptom of certain heart conditions or problems, but it can also be a sign that a person is in very good shape because of regular exercise. Most people don’t have symptoms, but when symptoms do happen, it’s usually because your heart is pumping too slowly to supply your body with enough blood. Why is it called sinus bradycardia? The term “sinus bradycardia” breaks down based on the two words. Bradycardia comes from the Greek words “bradys,” meaning “slow,” and “kardia,” meaning “heart.” Sinus bradycardia means your heart is beating slowly but still using a sinus rhythm. During sinus rhythm, every heartbeat you have starts in the sinoatrial (SA) node, a cluster of electrically active cells near the top of your heart. The SA node (also known as the sinus node) is your heart’s natural pacemaker and generates the electrical current that makes your heart muscle squeeze. Sinus rhythm means your sinus ...

Systematic approach to ECG interpretation: efficient and safe method The 1.Rhythm Checklist Assess ventricular (RR intervals) and atrial (PP intervals) rate and rhythm: • Is • Is atrial rhythm regular? What is the atrial rate (beats/min)? • P-waves should precede every QRS complex and the P-wave should be positive in lead II. Commonfindings • • Causes of sick sinus syndrome (SSS). • Causes of tachycardia (tachyarrhythmia) with narrow QRS complexes (QRS duration 0,22 s: • PR interval 5 mm and at least one chest (precordial) lead with R-wave amplitude >10 mm; otherwise there is low voltage. • High voltage exists if the amplitudes are too high, i.e if the following condition is satisfied: S-wave V1 or V2 + R-wave V5>35 mm. • Look forpathological Q-waves. • Is the R-wave progression in the chest leads (V1–V6) normal? • Is the electrical axis normal? Electrical axis is assessed in limb leads and should be between –30° to 90°. Commonfindings • Wide QRS complex (QRS duration ≥0.12 s): Left bundle branch block. • Short QRS duration: no clinical relevance. • High voltage: Hypertrophy (any lead). Left bundle branch block (leads V5, V6, I, aVL). Right bundle branch block (V1–V3). Normal variant in younger, well-trained and slender individuals. • Low voltage: Normal variant. Misplaced leads. Cardiomyopathy. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. • Pathological Q-waves: Myocardial infarction. Left-sided pneumothorax. Dextrocadia. Perimyocarditis. Cardiomyopathy. Amyloidosis. Bundle bra...

Identifying and Treating First-Degree AV Block (First-Degree Heart Block) What Is a First-Degree AV Block? An atrioventricular (AV) block is also called a heart block. A first-degree AV block occurs when electrical conduction through the AV node of the heart is delayed and the impulse between the atria and ventricles is slowed. However, there is no interruption in the conduction between the atria and the ventricles. With a first-degree AV block, this delay in conduction often presents due to a minor defect in AV conduction that occurs either at or below the AV node. Typically, if the patient’s PR interval remains less than 0.30 seconds, this rhythm is not disruptive to patients. However, if the PR interval is greater than 0.30 seconds, increased symptom development can occur due to reduced ventricular filling within the heart. In younger patients, the cause of this rhythm tends to result from increased vagal tone, whereas in older patients, this rhythm is frequently due to fibrosis within the cardiac conduction system. This rhythm is often initially identified on an electrocardiogram (ECG), as patients typically have no symptoms. What Are ECG Characteristics of First-Degree AV Block? • P wave for every QRS complex • Prolonged PR interval that is greater than 0.20 seconds • If the PR interval is greater than 0.30 seconds, a P wave may appear to be buried in the previous T wave • If the PR interval is extended for more than 0.30 seconds, it is considered “marked” • No beats ...

Sinus bradycardia is a heart rhythm where your heart beats slower than expected (under 60 beats per minute for adults) but otherwise works normally. It’s fairly common, especially in adults over 65 and those who exercise regularly. It’s usually not serious unless you have symptoms. It’s typically treatable with medications or a permanent pacemaker. Overview An electrocardiogram example of sinus bradycardia. What is sinus bradycardia? Sinus bradycardia is a heart rhythm that’s slower than expected (fewer than 60 beats per minute in an adult) but is otherwise normal. It’s sometimes a symptom of certain heart conditions or problems, but it can also be a sign that a person is in very good shape because of regular exercise. Most people don’t have symptoms, but when symptoms do happen, it’s usually because your heart is pumping too slowly to supply your body with enough blood. Why is it called sinus bradycardia? The term “sinus bradycardia” breaks down based on the two words. Bradycardia comes from the Greek words “bradys,” meaning “slow,” and “kardia,” meaning “heart.” Sinus bradycardia means your heart is beating slowly but still using a sinus rhythm. During sinus rhythm, every heartbeat you have starts in the sinoatrial (SA) node, a cluster of electrically active cells near the top of your heart. The SA node (also known as the sinus node) is your heart’s natural pacemaker and generates the electrical current that makes your heart muscle squeeze. Sinus rhythm means your sinus ...

Systematic approach to ECG interpretation: efficient and safe method The 1.Rhythm Checklist Assess ventricular (RR intervals) and atrial (PP intervals) rate and rhythm: • Is • Is atrial rhythm regular? What is the atrial rate (beats/min)? • P-waves should precede every QRS complex and the P-wave should be positive in lead II. Commonfindings • • Causes of sick sinus syndrome (SSS). • Causes of tachycardia (tachyarrhythmia) with narrow QRS complexes (QRS duration 0,22 s: • PR interval 5 mm and at least one chest (precordial) lead with R-wave amplitude >10 mm; otherwise there is low voltage. • High voltage exists if the amplitudes are too high, i.e if the following condition is satisfied: S-wave V1 or V2 + R-wave V5>35 mm. • Look forpathological Q-waves. • Is the R-wave progression in the chest leads (V1–V6) normal? • Is the electrical axis normal? Electrical axis is assessed in limb leads and should be between –30° to 90°. Commonfindings • Wide QRS complex (QRS duration ≥0.12 s): Left bundle branch block. • Short QRS duration: no clinical relevance. • High voltage: Hypertrophy (any lead). Left bundle branch block (leads V5, V6, I, aVL). Right bundle branch block (V1–V3). Normal variant in younger, well-trained and slender individuals. • Low voltage: Normal variant. Misplaced leads. Cardiomyopathy. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. • Pathological Q-waves: Myocardial infarction. Left-sided pneumothorax. Dextrocadia. Perimyocarditis. Cardiomyopathy. Amyloidosis. Bundle bra...

Identifying and Treating First-Degree AV Block (First-Degree Heart Block) What Is a First-Degree AV Block? An atrioventricular (AV) block is also called a heart block. A first-degree AV block occurs when electrical conduction through the AV node of the heart is delayed and the impulse between the atria and ventricles is slowed. However, there is no interruption in the conduction between the atria and the ventricles. With a first-degree AV block, this delay in conduction often presents due to a minor defect in AV conduction that occurs either at or below the AV node. Typically, if the patient’s PR interval remains less than 0.30 seconds, this rhythm is not disruptive to patients. However, if the PR interval is greater than 0.30 seconds, increased symptom development can occur due to reduced ventricular filling within the heart. In younger patients, the cause of this rhythm tends to result from increased vagal tone, whereas in older patients, this rhythm is frequently due to fibrosis within the cardiac conduction system. This rhythm is often initially identified on an electrocardiogram (ECG), as patients typically have no symptoms. What Are ECG Characteristics of First-Degree AV Block? • P wave for every QRS complex • Prolonged PR interval that is greater than 0.20 seconds • If the PR interval is greater than 0.30 seconds, a P wave may appear to be buried in the previous T wave • If the PR interval is extended for more than 0.30 seconds, it is considered “marked” • No beats ...