State differences between acids and bases

Acids and Bases Acids and bases are popular chemicals which interact with each other resulting in the formation of salt and water. The word acid comes from a Latin word ‘acere’ which means ‘sour’. Table of Contents • • • • • • • • • • • In our everyday lives, we use many compounds which scientists call acids. The orange or grapefruit juice you drink for breakfast contains citric acid (also known as Vitamin C). When milk turns sour, it contains lactic acid. The vinegar used in salad dressing contains Related Topics • Acids, Bases, and Salts • Ionization Of Acids And Bases • Acid Strength • Acid Base Titration • Difference Between Acid and Base Acids and Bases Definition An acid is any hydrogen-containing substance that is capable of donating a proton (hydrogen ion) to another substance. A base is a molecule or ion able to accept a hydrogen ion from an acid. Acidic substances are usually identified by their sour taste. An acid is basically a molecule which can donate an H + ion and can remain energetically favourable after a loss of H +. Acids are known to turn blue litmus red. Bases, on the other hand, are characterized by a bitter taste and a slippery texture. A base that can be dissolved in water is referred to as an alkali. When these substances chemically react with acids, they yield salts. Bases are known to turn red litmus blue. Acid Definition Chemistry The terms acid and base have been defined in different ways, depending on the particular way of looking a...

Acids Bases These are sour to taste These are bitter to taste. Acids turn blue litmus red. Bases do not change the colour of blue litmus. Acids do not change the colour of red litmus Bases turn red litmus blue With china rose indicator, these give dark pink colour. Bases give green colour with china rose indicator. Acids do not change the colour of the turmeric indicator. Bases turn the colour of the turmeric indicator to red Acid is a substance that contains hydrogen ion (H +) Bases are substances that contain hydroxyl ion (OH -)

........whereas redox reactions involve a formal change in oxidation state. For Bronsted acids, we could simply write: #HX + MOH rarr MX + H_2O#; i.e. #"Acid + base " rarr " salt and water"# Redox reactions involve a change in oxidation state, and FORMAL transfer of electrons. For hydrocarbon combustion: #CH_4 + 2O_2rarr CO_2+2H_2O# #C^(-IV)# has been oxidized to #C^(+IV)#; i.e. carbon has formally lost 8 electrons. Zerovalent oxygen has been reduced to #O^(-II)#; i.e. the oxygen atoms on the products have formally gained 8 electrons, thereby they are reduced.

Bases are the chemical opposite of acids. Acids are defined as compounds that donate a hydrogen ion (H +) to another compound (called a base). Traditionally, an acid (from the Latin acidus or acere meaning sour) was any chemical compound that, when dissolved in water, gives a solution with a hydrogen base was any compound that, when dissolved in water, gives a solution with a hydrogen ion activity lower than that of pure water, i.e. a pH higher than 7.0 at standard conditions. A soluble base is also called an alkali. A reaction between an acid and a base is called neutralization and this neutralization results in production of water and a salt. Volatile liquids (acids) when mixed with specific substances turn into salts. These substances form a concrete base and hence the name base was derived. Acids in general are H+ donors and Bases are H+ acceptors. Comparison chart Acid versus Base comparison chart Acid Base Definition Arrhenius Definition: An acid is any chemical compound which when dissolved in water gives a solution with a hydrogen ion activity greater than in pure water. Bronstead Lowry Definition: An acid is an substance which donates a proton. Arrhenius Definition: A base is an aqueous substance that can accept hydrogen ions. Bronstead Lowry Definition: A base is any substance which accepts a proton. pH (measure of concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution) Less than 7.0. Greater than 7.0 and could go up to 14 in case of stronger bases. Physical characteristic...

From our bodies to our Earth’s oceans and rocks, acids and bases play an important role in our lives and the environment around us. If you have tasted lemon juice or washed your hands with soap, you’ve experienced acids and bases. Scientists classify substances as acids, bases (also called alkali) or neutral, depending on characteristics such as taste and pH. Acids react with most metals including Bases A corrosive substance is one that will damage or destroy other substances with which it comes into contact by means of a chemical reaction. Bases feel slippery to touch. This is because they can change the structure of proteins. A strong base can cause severe chemical burns because it starts to damage the proteins in your skin. Basic substances are used in many cleaning products. The simple chemistry An acid is a substance that produces hydrogen (H +) ions when it is added to water. A hydrogen ion is just the proton and no electron. If we look at the formulas of different acids, we can see that they all contain at least one H (hydrogen) – for example: • HCl – hydrochloric acid • H 2SO 4 – sulfuric acid • HNO 3 – nitric acid. When we put a molecule of acid into water, it breaks apart. The science term for this is that it dissociates. For example hydrochloric acid (HCl) dissociates into hydrogen ions (H +) and chloride anions (Cl -). The chemical difference between acids and bases is that acids produce hydrogen ions and bases accept hydrogen ions. A base is a substance that n...

Acids Bases 1) An Acid is a substance that gives H + ion when dissolved in water. A base is a substance that gives OH- ion when dissolved in water. 2)For example : H C l → H + + C I − HCl releases H + ion hence it is an acid. For example : N a O H → N a + + O H − NaOH releases O H − ion, hence it is a base.