Thumba rocket launch

India’s space odyssey began on November 21, 1963, with the launch of the American Nike Apache sounding rocket from Thumba, near Thiruvananthapuram. The rocket was transported to the launch site on an ox cart; later the rockets would carry away the bicycles. The Nike Apache weighed 715 kg and reached an altitude of 207 km with a payload of 30 kg. Cut to August 2022: India’s newest rocket, the Small Satellite In the decades that followed, Indian rockets exploded, celebrating successes and learning from failures, pioneering a variety of rockets called launchers: SLV-3, ASLV, PSLV and GSLV and their variants. With these proven workhorses, no orbit – polar (700 km altitude), geosynchronous transfer orbit (GTO) or low Earth orbit (LEO, 250 to 500 km altitude) – is beyond the reach of the India and ISRO. The program provides India with sustained and self-sustaining access to space, even deep space, powered by solid propellants, liquid propellants or cryogenic fluids and can place into orbit a diverse range of locally built satellites to remote sensing/earth observation, weather – forecasting, communication, cartography, navigation, education (EDUSAT), monitoring, astronomy and ocean monitoring. ISRO’s remote sensing satellites are recognized as among the best in the world, as good as the French SPOT or the American Landsat. Another area where India has taken the world by surprise is with its forays into deep space, sending science missions to the Moon (2008) and Mars (launched in...

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THIRUVANANTHAPURAM: From now onwards, when a rocket, carrying satellites, gets launched from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, it will be controlled from the launch control centre at the VSSC in Thumba. This is the first time the ISRO has set up a launch centre outside Sriharikota. The launch centre was set up in Thumba as numerous scientists and engineers were unable to go to Sriharikota due to the COVID crisis. About two hundred experts used to go to Sriharikota for each launch. The launch control system has been set up and it was tested on Saturday during the launch of the PSLV C-49 rocket. About half of the experts controlled the launch from ThumBa while the rest were in Sriharikota. The next launch can also be controlled from Thumba. System at Thumba • The rocket at the launch pad and the mission control centre are connected through underground cables. • The computers in the control centre were connected to the centre in Thiruvananthapuram through a special line. • The rocket control centre at Thumba is equipped with hundreds of computers, digital wall display screens, hotline communication systems and alert buttons. Launch control Once the rocket is set up, the launch control centre has control over the spacecraft until it lifts with the satellite and completes the mission. It is managed by a team of around 300 engineers and scientists. 200 people will be in front of the system boards while around a hundred people will be near the rocket. The mission wil...

Thumba was a small fishing village near Trivandrum (now Thiruvananthapuram). Then why was it selected as India’s first rocket launching station? The answer has to do with something known as the magnetic equator. Now, I want to make it clear that there is a significant difference between what we commonly refer to as the equator a.k.a the geographical equator, and the magnetic equator. The phenomenon that directly above the magnetic equator, at an altitude of about 110-kilo meters in the atmosphere, a system of electric current known as Equitorial electrojets exists. To study this phenomenon in a better way you have to be as close as possible to the magnetic equator. Moreover, Thumba’s location was suitable for low altitude, upper atmosphere, and ionosphere studies. Apple Satellite being carried on a bullock cart to launch site. In the 1960s there were very few places on the earth close to the magnetic equator with adequate infrastructure to support such research. Thumba, being the right place to develop infrastructure to facilitate scientific research of this kind, was chosen to build India’s first rocket launching station. So in the year 1962, the Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR), took up the mission to set up the Equatorial Rocket Launching station at Thumba. The site selected was about 600 acres in area, and a large church was situated within the site. The church was acquired and another church was built for the parishioners. The Thumba Equatorial ...