Transformer working principle

A Step-up or Step-down Transformer is a static device with no moving components, which transmits electrical power from one circuit to another. Voltage and current changes during this process, while we have no change in frequency. Power streams that are received at the local distribution level have their voltage reduced by Step-Down Transformers. Each consumer node steps down the long-distance stream once to a level suitable for local distribution and once more (residential homes and offices). Several Suppliers and Companies, as well as other manufacturers and distributors, supply step-down transformers, and there are numerous Step-Down Transformers for Sale on Linquip. A Step-up Transformer is a machine that converts the low primary voltage to a high secondary voltage and steps up the input voltage. On the other hand, a step-down transformer steps down the input voltage. We have a lower secondary voltage compared to the primary voltage. The following images show a simple illustration of transformers’ use (step-up and step-down transformers) in a regular transmission system. Using step-up and step-down transformers in the transmission line (Reference: www.electronicshub.org) What are the Differences Between Step Down and Step Up Transformers? Transformers are categorized into several types depending on the construction, voltage ratings, type of cooling, the place where it is employed, number of phases of the AC system, etc. Here we will discuss step-up and step-down transfo...

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What is a Transformer A transformer is a static device that transfers electric power between two alternating current circuits with no change in frequency. The Voltage of the circuit can be reduced or increased in accordance with the current relationship. This is known as stepping up (increasing) the voltage and stepping it down (decreasing). Transformer The transformer is a passive device that works on the principles of electromagnetic induction used at the input to step up the voltage and step down the output voltage at the outer terminal. Transformer Construction There are three components of a Transformer: • Iron Core • Primary Winding • Secondary Winding Core The core of the transformer is rectangular in shape and laminated. During the transformer construction, it has to be designed in such a way that there are fewer core losses during the operation of the Transformer. Core losses and iron losses are a combination of all the losses that happen inside the core. The core lets an alternating flux drive through it. This might cause energy loss in the core due to hysteresis loss. So, you should choose a high-quality Silicon Steel with low hysteresis loss to construct the core of a Transformer. This steel is termed the Soft Steel Core of the Transformer. The alternating flux produces certain currents known as Eddy currents. These currents use electrical energy and cause certain losses, known by the name of eddy current losses of the Transformer. The core must be manufactured...

The winding to which AC supply is connected is called primary winding and to which load is connected is called secondary winding as shown in the figure below. It works on the alternating current only because an alternating flux is required for mutual induction between the two windings. Contents: • • • When the AC supply is given to the primary winding with a voltage of V 1, an alternating flux ϕ sets up in the core of the transformer, which links with the secondary winding and as a result of it, an emf is induced in it called Mutually Induced emf. The direction of this induced emf is opposite to the applied voltage V 1, this is because of the Lenz’s law shown in the figure below: Physically, there is no electrical connection between the two windings, but they are magnetically connected. Therefore, the electrical power is transferred from the primary circuit to the secondary circuit through mutual inductance. The induced emf in the primary and secondary windings depends upon the rate of change of flux linkage that is (N dϕ/dt). dϕ/dt is the change of flux and is same for both the primary and secondary windings. The induced emf E 1 in the primary winding is proportional to the number of turns N 1 of the primary windings (E 1 ∞ N 1). Similarly induced emf in the secondary winding is proportional to the number of turns on the secondary side. (E 2 ∞ N 2). Transformer on DC supply As discussed above, the transformer works on AC supply, and it cannot work not DC supply. If the ra...

The three-phase system is used to generate, transmit, and distribute electrical power. It generates power on a large scale to meet the needs of industries and commercial establishments. Three identical single-phase transformers are connected suitably or combined on a single core to form a three-phase system. Based on various types of industrial needs, the step-up and step-down transformers are employed for generating, transmission, and distributing the electric power. The building of a three-phase What is a Three-Phase Transformer? As known, a single-phase transformer is a device that is capable of transferring electrical energy from one circuit to one or more circuits based on the concept of mutual induction. It comprises two coils – a primary and a secondary coil, which helps to transform the energy. The primary coil is connected to a single-phase supply, while the secondary is connected to a load. Similarly, a three-phase transformer consists of three primary coils and three secondary coils and is represented as 3-phase or 3ɸ. A three-phase system can be constructed using three individual identical single-phase transformers, and such a 3-phase transformer is known as the bank of three transformers. On the other hand, the three-phase transformer can be built on a single core. The windings of a transformer can be connected in either delta or wye configurations. The working of the 3-phase system is similar to a single-phase transformer, and they are normally employed in po...