Types of stress physics

Introduction There are different types of stresses that are studied in Physics. Stress is defined as a force acting per unit area. It is a physical quality. The mathematical representation of stress is: Stress = (force)/(unit area) σ = F/A Where, σ is the stress F is the force acting in N A is the unit area in m 2 Therefore, the unit of stress is N.m -2 or Pascals (Pa). Types of stress Following are the types of stress that we study in Physics: • Normal stress: Normal stress is defined as the stress experienced by an object where an axial force is applied per unit area. The stress is applied perpendicular to the body. The SI unit of normal stress is MPa. The mathematical representation of normal stress is given as below: σ = P/A • Longitudinal stress: Longitudinal stress is defined as the stress when there is a deformation along the length of an object. It is given as: Longitudinal stress = (Deforming force)/(Unit area) Longitudinal stress is classified into two: • Tensile stress: • Compression stress: Compression stress is defined as the force acting per unit area such that there is a compression of the object along its length. • Tangential stress: Tangential stress is defined as restoring force per unit area that is developed due to applied tangential force. • Hydraulic stress: Hydraulic stress is applicable to fluids and defined as the internal force per unit area. • Volumetric stress: Volumetric stress is defined as stress that acts on three directions such that all th...

Stress And Strain You may have noticed that certain objects stretch easily, but stretching objects such as an iron rod sounds impossible, right? In this article, we will help you understand why a few objects are more malleable than others. Mainly, we will discuss Stress-Strain Curve because it help us know the amount of load or stress that a material can handle before it stretches and breaks. Table of Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Stress-Strain Curve When we study solids and their mechanical properties, information regarding their The material’s stress-strain curve gives its stress-strain relationship. In a stress-strain curve, the stress and its corresponding strain values are plotted. An example of a stress-strain curve is given below. Explaining Stress-Strain Graph The different regions in the stress-strain diagram are: Hooke’s Law In the 19th-century, while studying springs and elasticity, English scientist Robert Hooke noticed that many materials exhibited a similar property when the stress-strain relationship was studied. There was a linear region where the force required to stretch the material was proportional to the extension of the material, known as Hooke’s Law. Hooke’s Law states that the strain of the material is proportional to the applied stress within the elastic limit of that material. Mathematically, Hooke’s law is commonly expressed as: F = –k.x Where F is the force, x is the extension in length, and k is the constant of proportional...

In material science and engineering, we always try to know more about the behaviour of a rigid body when it goes through stretching, twisting and squeezing. We make our effort to understand the behaviour of rigid bodies by establishing a relation between applied force and deformation. So to understand the mechanical properties of a substance, we have first to understand stress and types of stress. Stress is defined as the internal restoring force per unit area. Let us take an example. If we apply a force on a rubber wire, it elongates. After a while, when we remove the force, then the rubber regains its original shape and size. Now the question is, what is the responsible force which drives back the rubber to its original position? It can be explained like this: An internal force is developed when we apply the external force. The magnitude of this restoring force increases as the elongation of wire increases. When we remove the external force, the rubber wire returns to its original shape and size due to that restoring force. So stress is the restoring force per unit area that acts inside the body. Formula for stress As we discussed, stress is restoring force per unit area, So mathematically, Stress =FA where, F is restoring force A is the surface area to which F is perpendicular Some important points on stress • Stress is a tensor quantity • Unit of stress is Nm-2 • Dimension [M1L-1T-2] Unit of stress In the SI unit, the unit of stress is Nm-2 or Pascal. However, this uni...

In a stress test — also known as an exercise or treadmill test — a doctor monitors a person’s heart rate as they exercise. It can show how well a person’s heart works during physical activity and help diagnose various heart conditions. A stress test Some people, such as those with In this article, learn why a doctor may recommend a stress test and what to expect during one. There are a few different ways of completing a stress test, depending on the person’s needs. Exercise stress test During a stress test, the doctor will aim to determine the person’s heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, and how tired they feel during different levels of physical activity. Here is a step-by-step description of what happens during a stress test using a treadmill: • Having attached sticky electrodes to the person’s chest to monitor the heart, the doctor will take some readings. • Next, the person will stand on the treadmill. • As the treadmill starts to move, the person will walk slowly. • The treadmill speed will gradually increase. • The treadmill may go into an uphill, or incline, position. • Toward the end, the person may breathe into a mouthpiece to measure the air they breathe out. • The treadmill will stop, and the person will lie down while the doctor takes their blood pressure and other readings. The person will exercise for Share on Pinterest During an exercise stress test, a doctor will monitor heart rate and blood pressure with sticky electrode patches. Credit: simonkr/Getty I...

When a body is subjected to a deforming force, a restoring force occurs in the body which is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the applied force. This restoring force per unit area is known as stress. We can also refer to stress as a measure of the internal force experienced by an object per unit of cross-sectional area. If \(F\) is the force applied and \(A\) is the area of cross-section of the body, then \[\text.\] Since strain is the ratio of two quantities with the same dimensions, it has no unit. When a body is stretched by two equal forces applied normal to its cross-sectional area, this restoring force per unit area is called tensile stress. When a body is compressed under the action of applied forces, this restoring force per unit area is known as compressive stress. Tensile or compressive stress is also known as longitudinal stress.