Vladimir lenin

The Russian Revolution of 1917 was one of the most explosive political events of the 20th century. The violent revolution marked the end of the Romanov dynasty and centuries of Russian Imperial rule. Economic hardship, food shortages and government corruption all contributed to disillusionment with Czar Nicholas II. During the Russian Revolution, the Bolsheviks, led by leftist revolutionary Vladimir Lenin, seized power and destroyed the tradition of czarist rule. The Bolsheviks would later become the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. When Was the Russian Revolution? In 1917, two revolutions swept through Russia, ending centuries of imperial rule and setting into motion political and social changes that would lead to the eventual formation of the However, while the two revolutionary events took place within a few short months of 1917, social unrest in Russia had been brewing for many years prior to the events of that year. In the early 1900s, Russia was one of the most impoverished countries in Europe with an enormous peasantry and a growing minority of poor industrial workers. Much of Western Europe viewed Russia as an undeveloped, backwards society. The Russian Empire practiced serfdom—a form of feudalism in which landless peasants were forced to serve the land-owning nobility—well into the nineteenth century. In contrast, the practice had disappeared in most of Western Europe by the end of the In 1861, the Russian Empire finally abolished serfdom. The emancipation of ...

1. Lenin’s brother was hanged for plotting to kill the czar. Lenin’s older brother, Alexander, a university zoology student, was arrested in March 1887 for participating in a bombing plot to assassinate Czar Alexander III. Some of his co-conspirators begged for clemency and therefore had their sentences reduced. But Alexander initially refused to take that route, believing it would be “insincere.” Eventually, he sent an unrepentant letter to the czar in which he requested mercy for the sake of his mother. “[Her] health has been strongly shaken in recent days, and if my death sentence is carried out it will put her life in most serious peril,” Alexander wrote. The plea went unheeded, and he was hanged that May. 2. Lenin was kicked out of college. In August 1887, just a few months after his brother’s death, 17-year-old Lenin entered Kazan University to study law. He was expelled that December, however, for taking part in a student protest. Though numerous attempts at readmission failed, he later enrolled as an external student at St. Petersburg University. Lenin completed his education there in 1891 and then briefly labored as a defense attorney. By that time, he had become enthralled by the work of famed communist thinker Karl Marx. 3. Lenin was exiled to Siberia for three years. Lenin published his first Marxist essay in 1894, and the following year he traveled to France, Germany and Switzerland in order to meet with like-minded revolutionaries. Upon returning to Russia, h...

His Collected Works comprise 54 volumes, each of about 650 pages, translated into English in 45 volumes by Title Year New Economic Developments in Peasant Life 1893 On the So-called Market Question 1893 What the Friends of the People are and How They Fight the Social-Democrats 1894 The Economic Content of Narodism and the Criticism of it in Mr. Struve's Book. (The Reflection of Marxism in Bourgeois Literature. 1894 Frederick Engels 1895 Explanation of the Law on Fines Imposed on Factory Workers 1895 Gymnasium Farms and Corrective Gymnasia (Russkoye Bogatstvo) 1895 To the Working Men and Women of the Thornton Factory 1895 What are our Ministers Thinking About? 1895 Draft and Explanation of a Programme for the Social-Democratic Party 1895 To the Tsarist Government 1896 A Characterisation of Economic Romanticism 1896 The New Factory Law 1896 About a Certain Newspaper Article 1896 The Handicraft Census of 1894-1895 in Perm Gubernia and General Problems of "Handicraft" Industry 1896 The Heritage We Renounce 1896 Selected Works [ ] Lenin Selected Works comprise 3 volumes, translated into English by Title Year Karl Marx: A Brief Biographical Sketch With an Exposition of Marxism 1914 1913 The Heritage We Renounce 1897 1901–2 1904 1905 Disruption of Unity Under Cover of Outcries for Unity 1914 1914 1916 The Military Programme of the Proletarian Revolution 1916 1896–99 1917 The Tasks of the Proletariat in Our Revolution 1917 The Seventh (April) All-Russia Conference of the R.S.D.L.P...

(1870-1924) Who Was Vladimir Lenin? Vladimir Lenin founded the Russian Communist Party, led the Bolshevik Revolution and was the architect of the Soviet state. He was the posthumous source of "Leninism," the doctrine codified and conjoined with Marx's works by Lenin’s successors to form Marxism-Leninism, which became the Communist worldview. He has been regarded as the greatest revolutionary leader and thinker since Marx. Early Years Widely considered one of the most influential and controversial political figures of the 20th century, Vladimir Lenin engineered the Bolshevik revolution in Russia in 1917 and later took over as the first leader of the newly formed Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). He was born Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov on April 22, 1870, in Simbirsk, Russia, which was later renamed Ulyanovsk in his honor. In 1901, he adopted the last name Lenin while doing underground party work. His family was well-educated, and Lenin, the third of six children, was close to his parents and siblings. School was a central part of Lenin’s childhood. His parents, both educated and highly cultured, invoked a passion for learning in their children, especially Vladimir. A voracious reader, Lenin went on to finish first in his high school class, showing a particular gift for Latin and Greek. But not all of life was easy for Lenin and his family. Two situations, in particular, shaped his life. The first came when Lenin was a boy and his father, an inspector of schools, was thr...

"Vladimir Lenin at a subbotnik in the Kremlin, May 1, 1920," by Mikhail Sokolov, 1936 Sputnik When writer Alexander Kuprin met Lenin in 1919, the Soviet leader was already bald. “But the remains of hair on the temples, as well as the beard and mustache still indicate that in his youth he was desperately, fiery red,” Kuprin wrote. “He has a strange gait: he waddles from side to side as if he limps on both legs… He is short, broad-shouldered and lean.” “Of a small stature, rather strongly built, with slightly raised shoulders and a large head… Vladimir Ulyanov had irregular, I would say, ugly facial features: small ears, noticeably prominent cheekbones, a short, wide, slightly flattened nose and, in addition, a large mouth with yellow, rarely spaced teeth,” Alexander Naumov, who studied with Vladimir, described him. However, “when talking to him, all his nondescript appearance seemed to fade at the sight of his small but amazing eyes, sparkling with remarkable intelligence and energy.” How strong were Lenin’s intellectual abilities? Vladimir Lenin in his study in the Kremlin, 1918 Sputnik Alexander Naumov, who studied with Vladimir Ulyanov in his youth, went on to become a minister in the last Tsarist government. Naumov was hardly fond of Lenin. Still, he acknowledged the outstanding intellectual abilities of the future Communist leader. “He never took part in common children's amusements and pranks, keeping constantly aloof from all this and being continuously engaged eithe...

• Vladimir Ilyich "Lenin" Ulyanov was a principal ringleader of Russia's communist revolution, which led to the founding of the USSR. • Lenin was the son of a well-off, upper middle-class family who rose to power by exploiting the dissatisfaction of the urban working poor and rural peasants. • Lenin's revolution, the resulting civil war and famines, and the brutal domestic repression that he led against dissidents and scapegoats directly led to the deaths of over 8 million citizens of the Russian Empire, many by starvation, torture, or summary execution. Investopedia / Bailey Mariner Lenin spent his adult life agitating for and leading revolutionary communist activities in Russia. This culminated in the 1917 October Revolution, which brought Lenin's Bolshevik faction to power. In the wake of the Revolution, the reign of the Bolshevik regime under Lenin was marked by economic chaos and deprivation; bloody civil war; massive (sometimes deliberate) famines among the rural Early Life and Education Lenin was born in 1870 in what was then Simbirsk, about 450 miles east of Moscow. His family, with the last name Ulyanov, was middle class and prosperous. Two 1887 events shaped his revolutionary beliefs: the execution of his older brother, Alexandr for an attempt to murder the Russian Tsar; and his expulsion from Kazan University for being the ringleader of a student uprising. Eventually, his activities got him exiled to Siberia for three years, from 1897 to 1900. After that he adop...

In his nearly hour-long televised address made on February 21, Russian president Vladimir Putin vilified the Ukrainian government for being, in his view, completely illegitimate and incompetent. The Ukrainian government and the oligarchs behind it, Putin asserted, have squandered the resources they inherited from the Soviet Union, came to be tools of the West, have persecuted Ukraine’s Russian population, and are even planning to acquire nuclear weapons to threaten Russia. But Putin placed special blame on Soviet revolutionary leader Vladimir Lenin for having unnecessarily created Ukraine in the first place. According to Putin, Ukraine has been part of Russia for centuries, but the artificial creation of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and the subsequent breakup of the USSR in 1991 led to the historical mistake of Ukraine becoming an independent state when, he claimed, it had never been one historically. Putin, though, did not provide a full account of why Lenin created ethnic republics inside the new post-Soviet revolutionary state that arose from the collapse of the Tsarist Empire. In fact, Lenin did this to try to resolve a problem that still confronts Russia. The Tsarist Empire was, as Lenin put it, “the prison house of nations.” While Britain, France, and other West European states focused on building overseas colonial empires, Tsarist Russia built an overland colonial empire which consisted of territory occupied by Russians and a vast array of other groups in...

Exploring Russian History By general consent the decisive event in the history of the provisional government was Kerensky’s conflict with It was a The Bolshevik coup The events of February 1917 merit the name of Revolution because they were essentially spontaneous. October 1917 (November, New Style), by contrast, was a classic coup d’état carried out by a small group of conspirators. The Bolshevik Central Committee made the decision to seize power at a Disregarding the authority of the Central Executive Committee of the Soviet, dominated as before by the Mensheviks and Socialists Revolutionaries, the Bolsheviks invited those local soviets in which they enjoyed majorities to attend a national congress beginning on October 25 (November 7, New Style). In the meantime they built up an Military Revolutionary Committee to organize Petrograd’s defense from an expected German attack. Since the Bolsheviks were the only organization with an independent armed force, they took over the Military Revolutionary Committee and used it to topple the government. During the night of October 24–25, Bolshevik In The Bolshevik dictatorship Although Lenin and Trotsky had carried out the October coup in the name of soviets, they intended from the beginning to concentrate all power in the hands of the ruling organs of the Bolshevik Party. The resulting novel arrangement—the The Bolsheviks were solemnly committed to In March 1918 the Bolshevik Party was renamed the Organizational Bureau (Orgburo), a...