Volcanic eruption

Discover the ancient Roman city of Pompeii, buried in volcanic ash when Mount Vesuvius erupted The ce that killed the famous Roman scholar Why are some volcanic eruptions so explosive while others are so spectacular but relatively harmless? The answer involves at least four factors: the amount of see the section Two 20th-century There are many gradations among—and exceptions to—the idealized eruption types listed in the previous section, and it is not unusual for an eruption sequence to involve more than one type of activity. For example, the eruptions of effusive volcanism).

A volcano is an opening in a planet or moon’s crust through which molten rock, hot gases, and other materials erupt. Volcanoes often form a hill or mountain as layers of rock and ash build up from repeated eruptions. Volcanoes are classified as active, dormant, or extinct. Active volcanoes have a recent history of eruptions; they are likely to erupt again. Dormant volcanoes have not erupted for a very long time but may erupt at a future time. Extinct volcanoes are not expected to erupt in the future. Inside an active volcano is a chamber in which molten rock, called magma, collects. Pressure builds up inside the magma chamber, causing the magma to move through channels in the rock and escape onto the planet’s surface. Once it flows onto the surface the magma is known as lava. Some volcanic eruptions are explosive, while others occur as a slow lava flow. Eruptions can occur through a main opening at the top of the volcano or through vents that form on the sides. The rate and intensity of eruptions, as well as the composition of the magma, determine the shape of the volcano. Volcanoes are found on both land and the ocean floor. When volcanoes erupt on the ocean floor, they often create underwater mountains and mountain ranges as the released lava cools and hardens. Volcanoes on the ocean floor become islands when the mountains become so large they rise above the surface of the ocean. For information on user permissions, please read our Media If a media asset is downloadable,...

Key points: • Thousands of villagers living near Mayon Volcano's crater have left their homes in mandatory evacuations • There were also warnings for people in any expanded danger zones to be prepared to evacuate to emergency shelters • Mayon is one of 24 active volcanoes in the Philippines, which last erupted violently in 2018, displacing tens of thousands More than 12,600 people have left the mostly poor farming communities within a six-kilometre radius of Mayon Volcano's crater in mandatory evacuations since volcanic activity increased last week. But thousands more remain within the permanent danger zone below Mayon, an area long declared off-limits to people but where generations have lived and farmed because they have nowhere else to go. With the volcano beginning to expel lava Sunday night, local time, the high-risk zone around Mayon may be expanded should the eruption turn violent, Teresito Bacolcol, director of the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, said. Mr Bacolcol said if that happens, people in any expanded danger zone should be prepared to evacuate to emergency shelters. "We are looking at this on a day-to-day basis." From a distance, Associated Press journalists watched lava flow down the volcano's south-eastern gullies for hours Sunday night. People hurriedly stepped out of restaurants and bars in a seaside district of Legazpi, the capital of north-eastern Albay province about 14 kilometres from Mayon, many of them snapping pictures of the v...

Mayon volcano belches red-hot emissions down it's slope as seen from Legaspi, Albay province, northeastern Philippines, Sunday, June 11, 2023. Albay was placed under a state of calamity last week to allow more rapid disbursement of emergency funds in case a major eruption unfolds. Credit: AP Photo/Aaron Favila The Philippines' most active volcano was spewing lava down its slopes on Monday, prompting officials to warn tens of thousands of villagers to be prepared to flee from their homes if the gentle eruption turns into a violent and life-threatening explosion. More than 13,000 people have left the mostly poor farming communities within a 6-kilometer (3.7-mile) radius of Mayon Volcano's crater in mandatory evacuations since volcanic activity increased last week. But an unspecified number of residents remain within the permanent danger zone below Mayon, an area long declared off-limits to people but where generations have lived and farmed because they have nowhere else to go. With the volcano beginning to expel lava Sunday night, the high-risk zone around Mayon may be expanded should the eruption turn violent, said Teresito Bacolcol, director of the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology. Bacolcol said if that happens, people in any expanded danger zone should be prepared to evacuate to emergency shelters. "What we are seeing now is an effusive eruption," Bacolcol told The Associated Press. "We are looking at this on a day-to-day basis." From a distance, Associa...

Key points: • Thousands of villagers living near Mayon Volcano's crater have left their homes in mandatory evacuations • There were also warnings for people in any expanded danger zones to be prepared to evacuate to emergency shelters • Mayon is one of 24 active volcanoes in the Philippines, which last erupted violently in 2018, displacing tens of thousands More than 12,600 people have left the mostly poor farming communities within a six-kilometre radius of Mayon Volcano's crater in mandatory evacuations since volcanic activity increased last week. But thousands more remain within the permanent danger zone below Mayon, an area long declared off-limits to people but where generations have lived and farmed because they have nowhere else to go. With the volcano beginning to expel lava Sunday night, local time, the high-risk zone around Mayon may be expanded should the eruption turn violent, Teresito Bacolcol, director of the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, said. Mr Bacolcol said if that happens, people in any expanded danger zone should be prepared to evacuate to emergency shelters. "We are looking at this on a day-to-day basis." From a distance, Associated Press journalists watched lava flow down the volcano's south-eastern gullies for hours Sunday night. People hurriedly stepped out of restaurants and bars in a seaside district of Legazpi, the capital of north-eastern Albay province about 14 kilometres from Mayon, many of them snapping pictures of the v...

Mayon volcano belches red-hot emissions down it's slope as seen from Legaspi, Albay province, northeastern Philippines, Sunday, June 11, 2023. Albay was placed under a state of calamity last week to allow more rapid disbursement of emergency funds in case a major eruption unfolds. Credit: AP Photo/Aaron Favila The Philippines' most active volcano was spewing lava down its slopes on Monday, prompting officials to warn tens of thousands of villagers to be prepared to flee from their homes if the gentle eruption turns into a violent and life-threatening explosion. More than 13,000 people have left the mostly poor farming communities within a 6-kilometer (3.7-mile) radius of Mayon Volcano's crater in mandatory evacuations since volcanic activity increased last week. But an unspecified number of residents remain within the permanent danger zone below Mayon, an area long declared off-limits to people but where generations have lived and farmed because they have nowhere else to go. With the volcano beginning to expel lava Sunday night, the high-risk zone around Mayon may be expanded should the eruption turn violent, said Teresito Bacolcol, director of the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology. Bacolcol said if that happens, people in any expanded danger zone should be prepared to evacuate to emergency shelters. "What we are seeing now is an effusive eruption," Bacolcol told The Associated Press. "We are looking at this on a day-to-day basis." From a distance, Associa...

A volcano is an opening in a planet or moon’s crust through which molten rock, hot gases, and other materials erupt. Volcanoes often form a hill or mountain as layers of rock and ash build up from repeated eruptions. Volcanoes are classified as active, dormant, or extinct. Active volcanoes have a recent history of eruptions; they are likely to erupt again. Dormant volcanoes have not erupted for a very long time but may erupt at a future time. Extinct volcanoes are not expected to erupt in the future. Inside an active volcano is a chamber in which molten rock, called magma, collects. Pressure builds up inside the magma chamber, causing the magma to move through channels in the rock and escape onto the planet’s surface. Once it flows onto the surface the magma is known as lava. Some volcanic eruptions are explosive, while others occur as a slow lava flow. Eruptions can occur through a main opening at the top of the volcano or through vents that form on the sides. The rate and intensity of eruptions, as well as the composition of the magma, determine the shape of the volcano. Volcanoes are found on both land and the ocean floor. When volcanoes erupt on the ocean floor, they often create underwater mountains and mountain ranges as the released lava cools and hardens. Volcanoes on the ocean floor become islands when the mountains become so large they rise above the surface of the ocean. For information on user permissions, please read our Media If a media asset is downloadable,...

Discover the ancient Roman city of Pompeii, buried in volcanic ash when Mount Vesuvius erupted The ce that killed the famous Roman scholar Why are some volcanic eruptions so explosive while others are so spectacular but relatively harmless? The answer involves at least four factors: the amount of see the section Two 20th-century There are many gradations among—and exceptions to—the idealized eruption types listed in the previous section, and it is not unusual for an eruption sequence to involve more than one type of activity. For example, the eruptions of effusive volcanism).