What do you mean by assembler

Registers Registers are the fastest kind of memory available in the machine. x86-64 has 14 general-purpose registers and several special-purpose registers. This table gives all the basic registers, with special-purpose registers highlighted in yellow. You’ll notice different naming conventions, a side effect of the long history of the x86 architecture (the 8086 was first released in 1978). Full register name 32-bit (bits 0–31) 16-bit (bits 0–15) 8-bit low (bits 0–7) 8-bit high (bits 8–15) Use in calling convention Callee-saved? General-purpose registers: %rax %eax %ax %al %ah Return value (accumulator) No %rbx %ebx %bx %bl %bh – Yes %rcx %ecx %cx %cl %ch 4th function argument No %rdx %edx %dx %dl %dh 3rd function argument No %rsi %esi %si %sil – 2nd function argument No %rdi %edi %di %dil – 1st function argument No %r8 %r8d %r8w %r8b – 5th function argument No %r9 %r9d %r9w %r9b – 6th function argument No %r10 %r10d %r10w %r10b – – No %r11 %r11d %r11w %r11b – – No %r12 %r12d %r12w %r12b – – Yes %r13 %r13d %r13w %r13b – – Yes %r14 %r14d %r14w %r14b – – Yes %r15 %r15d %r15w %r15b – – Yes Special-purpose registers: %rsp %esp %sp %spl – Stack pointer Yes %rbp %ebp %bp %bpl – Base pointer (general-purpose in some compiler modes) Yes %rip %eip %ip – – Instruction pointer (Program counter; called $pc in GDB) * %rflags %eflags %flags – – Flags and condition codes No Note that unlike primary memory (which is what we think of when we discuss memory in a C/C++ program), registers hav...

By • An assembler is a assembly language. Here's how it works: • Most computers come with a specified set of very basic instructions that correspond to the basic machine operations that the computer can perform. For example, a "Load" instruction causes the processor to move a string of bits from a location in the processor's L 8,3000 • The programmer can write a program using a sequence of these assembler instructions. • This sequence of assembler instructions, known as the • The assembler program takes each program statement in the source program and generates a corresponding bit stream or pattern (a series of 0's and 1's of a given length). • The output of the assembler program is called the • The object program can then be run (or executed) whenever desired. In the earliest computers, programmers actually wrote programs in machine code, but assembler languages or instruction sets were soon developed to speed up programming. Today, assembler programming is used only where very efficient control over processor operations is needed. It requires knowledge of a particular computer's instruction set, however. Historically, most programs have been written in "higher-level" languages such as COBOL, FORTRAN, PL/I, and C. These languages are easier to learn and faster to write programs with than assembler language. The program that processes the source code written in these languages is called a A newer idea in program preparation and portability is the concept of a Related Terms...

Entry-level assemblers prepare their workspace, read blueprints and instructions, and assemble different items. Before beginning work, entry-level assemblers prepare their workspace, which includes gathering items and putting on any protective gear they need to wear. They may also need to show the prepared space to a manager. A huge part of the preparation for assemblers is to thoroughly read and understand any blueprints or instructions. For entry-level assemblers, this process often takes a long time, but as you get more used to the language of these documents, it can become a quicker process. The largest part of an assembler's daily tasks is to assemble all or part of a product on the assembly line. Typically, entry-level assemblers are given smaller tasks and may be observed when they first begin working.

The Assembler is a Software that converts an assembly language code to machine code. It takes basic Computer commands and converts them into Binary Code that Computer’s Processor can use to perform its Basic Operations. These instructions are assembler language or assembly language. We can also name an assembler as the compiler of assembly language. This is because a compiler converts the high-level language to machine language. On the other hand, an assembler is doing the same task but, for assembly language, the name compiler of assembly language. 4 Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) What is an Assembly Language? An assembly language is a low-level language. It gives instructions to the processors for different tasks. It is specific for any processor. The machine language only consists of 0s and 1s therefore, it is difficult to write a program in it. On the other hand, the assembly language is close to a machine language but has a simpler language and code. We can create an assembly language code using a compiler or, a programmer can write it directly. Mostly, programmers use high-level languages but, when more specific code is required, assembly language is used. It uses opcode for the instructions. An opcode basically gives information about the particular instruction. The symbolic representation of the opcode (machine level instruction) is called mnemonics. Programmers use them to remember the operations in assembly language. For example ADD A,B Here, ADD is the mnemon...

Computers can directly run only binary machine code. When people write programs, that program text must be processed into machine code before it can be run. Compilers and assemblers convert the source code into machine code. Compilers take a high-level language such as C or C++ and convert it, while assemblers take a much lower level language called "assembly language" where there is one language statement per machine instruction. High-level languages can be recompiled for different kinds of processors (like Intel or ARM CPUs) but assembly language is closely tied to the kind of processor. Some compilers actually compile high-level code into assembly language and then run that through an assembler to get machine code. Interpreters are a different animal. They take either source code or partially compiled code and run it in the interpreter itself, rather than creating machine code. In other words, they directly "interpret" the program. Languages such as Perl, Python, and Ruby are interpreted from the source code. For Java and C#, the source code is compiled into an intermediate code that is easy to interpret. Is C programming works without assembler compiler interpreter? No, a C program cant work without an interpreter or compiler or assembler as the code written in the program is not understood directly by the computer so it needs any of the above translator program to make the program understandable to the computer.-Shruti Jain

Prerequisite – Compiler: A Compiler is primarily used for programs that translate source code from a high-level programming language to a machine level language to create an executable program. A compiler will consider the entire program as a whole code and then translates. The main job of the compiler is that it checks all kinds of limits, ranges, errors, etc. Before the compiler can successfully execute the code, the errors must be removed from the source code. Example of compiled languages is C, C++, Java, C#, etc. Compiler Assembler Compiler input Assembler input It converts the whole code into But the Assembler can’t do this at once. It takes less execution time compared to an assembler. It takes more time than a compiler. It shows the whole program error after the whole program is scanned. It detects errors in the first phase, fixes them, and then the second phase is start to execute. A Compiler is more intelligent than an Assembler. But, an Assembler is less intelligent than a Compiler. The compilation phases are Assembler makes two phases over the given input, first phase and the second phase. The output of compiler is a mnemonic version of machine code. The output of assembler is binary code. GAS, GNU is an example of an assembler.

For completing all the tasks, an assembler needs some hints from the programmer, i.e. the required storage for a particular constant or a variable, logical names of the segments, types of the different routines and modules, end of file, etc. These types of hints are given to the assembler using some predefined alphabetical strings called assembler directives, which help the assembler to correctly understand the assembly language programs to prepare the codes.

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Prerequisite – Compiler: A Compiler is primarily used for programs that translate source code from a high-level programming language to a machine level language to create an executable program. A compiler will consider the entire program as a whole code and then translates. The main job of the compiler is that it checks all kinds of limits, ranges, errors, etc. Before the compiler can successfully execute the code, the errors must be removed from the source code. Example of compiled languages is C, C++, Java, C#, etc. Compiler Assembler Compiler input Assembler input It converts the whole code into But the Assembler can’t do this at once. It takes less execution time compared to an assembler. It takes more time than a compiler. It shows the whole program error after the whole program is scanned. It detects errors in the first phase, fixes them, and then the second phase is start to execute. A Compiler is more intelligent than an Assembler. But, an Assembler is less intelligent than a Compiler. The compilation phases are Assembler makes two phases over the given input, first phase and the second phase. The output of compiler is a mnemonic version of machine code. The output of assembler is binary code. GAS, GNU is an example of an assembler.

Registers Registers are the fastest kind of memory available in the machine. x86-64 has 14 general-purpose registers and several special-purpose registers. This table gives all the basic registers, with special-purpose registers highlighted in yellow. You’ll notice different naming conventions, a side effect of the long history of the x86 architecture (the 8086 was first released in 1978). Full register name 32-bit (bits 0–31) 16-bit (bits 0–15) 8-bit low (bits 0–7) 8-bit high (bits 8–15) Use in calling convention Callee-saved? General-purpose registers: %rax %eax %ax %al %ah Return value (accumulator) No %rbx %ebx %bx %bl %bh – Yes %rcx %ecx %cx %cl %ch 4th function argument No %rdx %edx %dx %dl %dh 3rd function argument No %rsi %esi %si %sil – 2nd function argument No %rdi %edi %di %dil – 1st function argument No %r8 %r8d %r8w %r8b – 5th function argument No %r9 %r9d %r9w %r9b – 6th function argument No %r10 %r10d %r10w %r10b – – No %r11 %r11d %r11w %r11b – – No %r12 %r12d %r12w %r12b – – Yes %r13 %r13d %r13w %r13b – – Yes %r14 %r14d %r14w %r14b – – Yes %r15 %r15d %r15w %r15b – – Yes Special-purpose registers: %rsp %esp %sp %spl – Stack pointer Yes %rbp %ebp %bp %bpl – Base pointer (general-purpose in some compiler modes) Yes %rip %eip %ip – – Instruction pointer (Program counter; called $pc in GDB) * %rflags %eflags %flags – – Flags and condition codes No Note that unlike primary memory (which is what we think of when we discuss memory in a C/C++ program), registers hav...