Write a note on good practices towards conserving forest and wildlife

• Which of these statements is not a valid reason for depletion of flora and fauna? (a) Agricultural expansion (b) Large scale developmental projects (c) Grazing and fuel wood collection (d) Rapid industrialization and urbanization • Which of the following conservation strategies do not directly involve community participation? (a) Joint forest management (b) Chipko movement (c) Beej Bachao Andolan (d) Demarcation of wildlife sanctuaries Solution : • (c) Grazing and fuel wood collection • (d) Demarcation of Wildlife sanctuaries Question 2: Solution : Question 3: Solution : Question 4: Answer the following questions: • What is biodiversity? Why biodiversity is important for human lives? • How have human activities affected the depletion of flora and fauna? Explain Solution : • Bio diversity is the varieties of life found on the Earth. An eco system which has rich bio diversity has several species of plants and animals which are closely connected to each other through biotic and abiotic factors.Biodiversity helps in boosting the productivity of the co systems in which each and every specie play an important role. For example, a large number of plant species results in greater varieties of crops.Similarly, many micro-organisms play an important role in bio diversity. They fertilise the soil and play a role in recycling of many minerals like carbon in the environment. This helps in sustaining and improving human lives. • Human activities and man’s insensitivity to the environm...

Conservation strategies are not new in our country. (i)Nature worship is an age old tribal belief based on the premise that all creations of nature have to be protected. Such beliefs have preserved several virgin forests in pristine form called Sacred Groves (the forests of God and Goddesses). (ii)These patches of forest or parts of large forests have been left untouched by the local people and any interference with them is banned. Certain societies revere a particular tree which they have preserved from time immemorial. (iii)The Mundas and the Santhal of Chhota Nagpur region worship mahua (Bassia latifolia) and kadamba (Anthocaphalus cadamba) trees, and the tribals of Orissa and Bihar worship the tamarind (Tamarindus indica) and mango (Mangifera indica) trees during weddings. (iv)To many of us, peepal and banyan trees are considered sacred. Indian society comprises several cultures, each with its own set of traditional methods of conserving nature and its creations. Sacred qualities are often ascribed to springs, mountain peaks, plants and animals which are closely protected. (v)We would find troops of macaques and langurs around many temples. They are fed dailyand treated as a part of temple devotees. In and around Bishnoi villages in Rajasthan, herds of blackbuck, (chinkara), nilgai and peacocks can be seen as an integral part of the community and nobody harms them. Good practices towards conserving forest and wildlife are numerous. (i) Nowadays, many non-governmental o...

Good practices towards conservation of forest and wildlife are plenty. Nowadays, many non-governmental organisations are working towards creating public awareness for conserving, depleting forest cover and vanishing wildlife. Central and many state governments established national parks and wildlife sanctuaries to protect forests and endangered species in wildlife. A recently developing practice towards conservation is the search for different conservation measures. Biodiversity is the new by-word for good practices towards conserving forests and wildlife. Various communities, especially in tribal areas who are dependent on forests for their living, are now taking an active role in this form of conservation.

Good practices towards conserving forest and wildlife are plenty. Nowadays, many non-governmental organisations are working towards creating public awareness for conserving depleting forest cover and vanishing wildlife. Central and state governments in India haveset up national parks and wildlife sanctuaries to protect forests and endangered species in wildlife. A recently developing practice towards conservation is the search for different conservation measures. Biodiversity is the new by-word of good practices towards conserving forest and wildlife. Various communities, especially in tribal areas, who are dependent on forests for their living are now taking an active role in this form of conservation.

Question 4 Sr. No. List I List II 1 Reserved forests Other forests and wastelands belonging to both government and private individuals and communities. 2 Protected forests Forests are regarded as most valuable as far as the conservation of forest and wildlife resources is concerned. 3 Unclassed forests Forest lands are protected from any further depletion.

National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries were set up in many states to protect endangered species. Under the Wildlife Act 1980 and 1986, several insects have also been included in the list of protected species. Butterflies, moths, beetles, dragonflies and even certain plants are included in the protected list. “Project Tiger" was initiated in 1973 by the government of India to protect tigers. It is one of the most well-publicized wildlife campaigns in the world. ×

All the good practices towards conservation of forest and wildlife should include an active participation from all the stakeholders. Government agencies, local inhabitants, industrialists and wildlife enthusiasts are the important stakeholders in forest management. The government should formulate rules and regulations and provide system and machinery to implement conservation programmes. The local inhabitants should always be included in the conservation programme, because their survival depends on it. Industrialists and wildlife enthusiasts should also be taken under the fold of conservation programmes. A coordinated effort by all the stakeholders will give better results.