Anatomy and physiology of heart pdf

Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Describe the location and position of the heart within the body cavity • Describe the internal and external anatomy of the heart • Identify the tissue layers of the heart • Relate the structure of the heart to its function as a pump • Compare systemic circulation to pulmonary circulation • Identify the veins and arteries of the coronary circulation system • Trace the pathway of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood thorough the chambers of the heart The vital importance of the heart is obvious. If one assumes an average rate of contraction of 75 contractions per minute, a human heart would contract approximately 108,000 times in one day, more than 39 million times in one year, and nearly 3 billion times during a 75-year lifespan. Each of the major pumping chambers of the heart ejects approximately 70 mL blood per contraction in a resting adult. This would be equal to 5.25 liters of fluid per minute and approximately 14,000 liters per day. Over one year, that would equal 10,000,000 liters or 2.6 million gallons of blood sent through roughly 60,000 miles of vessels. In order to understand how that happens, it is necessary to understand the anatomy and physiology of the heart. Location of the Heart The human heart is located within the thoracic cavity, medially between the lungs in the space known as the mediastinum. pericardial cavity. The dorsal surface of the heart lies near the bodies of the vertebrae, and...

• 17.1: The Heart • 17.1A: Anatomy of the Heart • 17.1B: Pericardium • 17.1C: Layers of the Heart Walls • 17.1D: Chambers of the Heart • 17.1E: Great Vessels of the Heart • 17.1F: Myocardial Thickness and Function • 17.1G: Fibrous Skeleton of the Heart • 17.2: Circulation and Heart Valves • 17.2A: Heart Circulation • 17.2B: Operation of Atrioventricular Valves • 17.2C: Operation of Semilunar Valves • 17.2D: Systemic and Pulmonary Circulation • 17.3: Cardiac Muscle Tissue • 17.3A: Mechanism and Contraction Events of Cardiac Muscle Fibers • 17.3B: Microscopic Anatomy • 17.3C: Energy Requirements • 17.4: Physiology of the Heart • 17.4A: Electrical Events • 17.4B: Electrocardiogram and Correlation of ECG Waves with Systole • 17.4C: Heart Sounds • 17.4D: Cardiac Cycle • 17.4E: Cardiac Output • 17.5: Exercise and the Heart • 17.5A: Effects of Exercise on the Heart • Section 6: Thumbnail: Anatomy of the Human Body. (Public Domain). Computer Generated Cross Section 3d Model of Heart.