Anatomy of respiratory system

[ "article:topic", "respiration", "nasal cavity", "pharynx", "larynx", "trachea", "bronchi", "authorname:mgrewal", "showtoc:yes", "respiratory tract", "lung", "columns:two", "cssprint:dense", "program:oeri", "licenseversion:30", "license:ck12", "source@https://www.ck12.org/book/ck-12-human-biology/" ] \( \newcommand\) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Seeing Your Breath Why can you “see your breath” on a cold day? The air you exhale through your nose and mouth is warm, like the inside of your body. Exhaled air also contains a lot of water vapor because it passes over moist surfaces from the lungs to the nose or mouth. The water vapor in your breath cools suddenly when it reaches the much colder outside air. This causes the water vapor to condense into a fog of tiny droplets of liquid water. You release water vapor and other gases from your body through the process of respiration. Figure \(\PageIndex\): Breath on a cold day What is Respiration? Respiration is the life-sustaining process in which gases are exchanged between the body and the outside atmosphere. Specifically, oxygen moves from the outside air into the body; and water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other waste gases move from inside the body into the outside air. Respiration is carried out mainly by the respiratory system. It is important to note that respiration by the respiratory system is not the same process as cellular respiration that occurs inside cells, although the two processes are closely connected. Cell...

Anatomy of the Respiratory System Respiration Respiration is the act of breathing: • Inhaling. The act of breathing in oxygen. • Exhaling. The act of breathing out carbon dioxide. Respiratory system The respiratory system is made up of the organs included in the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. These are the parts: • Nose • Mouth • Throat (pharynx) • Voice box (larynx) • Windpipe (trachea) • Large airways (bronchi) • Small airways (bronchioles) • Lungs The upper respiratory tract is made up of the: • Nose • Nasal cavity • Sinuses • Larynx • Trachea The lower respiratory tract is made up of the: • Lungs • Bronchi and bronchioles • Air sacs (alveoli) Lungs The lungs take in oxygen. Your body's cells need oxygen to live and carry out their normal functions. The lungs also get rid of carbon dioxide, a waste product of the cells. The lungs are a pair of cone-shaped organs made up of spongy, pinkish-gray tissue. They take up most of the space in the chest (thorax). The lungs are surrounded bya membrane (pleura). The lungs are separated from each other by the mediastinum, an area that contains the: • Heart and its large vessels • Trachea • Esophagus • Thymus gland • Lymph nodes The right lung has 3 sections, called lobes. The left lung has 2 lobes. When you breathe in: • Air enters your body through your nose or mouth. • Air then travels down the throat through the larynx and trachea. • Air goes into the lungs through tubes called main-stem bronchi. One main-stem bronchus l...

respiratory system, the system in living organisms that takes up oxygen and respiration denotes the exchange of the respiratory gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the organism and the medium in which it lives and between the cells of the body and the tissue fluid that bathes them. With the exception of energy used by animal life in the deep ocean, all energy used by animals is ultimately derived from the energy of This article considers the gaseous components of Although the acquisition of Table the oxygen Oxygen consumption of various animals and its variation with rest and activity animal weight (grams) oxygen consumption (millilitres per kilogram of weight per hour) Source: A. Krogh, The Comparative Physiology of Respiratory Mechanisms (1959). paramecium 0.000001 500 mussel (Mytilus) 25 22 crayfish (Astacus) 32 47 butterfly (Vanessa), resting 0.3 600 butterfly (Vanessa), flying 0.3 100,000 carp (Cyprinus) 200 100 pike (Esox) 200 350 mouse, resting 20 2,500 mouse, running 20 20,000 human, resting 70,000 200 human, maximal work 70,000 4,000 The gases in the environment The range of respiratory problems faced by aquatic and terrestrial animals can be seen from the varying composition and physical characteristics of The carbon dioxide content of most natural waters is low compared with air, often almost nil. In contrast to oxygen, carbon dioxide is extremely soluble in water and diffuses rapidly. Most of the carbon dioxide entering water combines either with the wate...

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Functions of the Respiratory System The functions of the respiratory system are: • Oxygen supplier. The job of the respiratory system is to keep the body constantly supplied with oxygen. • Elimination. Elimination of carbon dioxide. • Gas exchange. The respiratory system organs oversee the gas exchanges that occur between the • Passageway. Passageways that allow air to reach the lungs. • Humidifier. Purify, humidify, and warm incoming air. Anatomy of the Respiratory System The organs of the respiratory system include the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and their smaller branches, and the lungs, which contain the alveoli. The Nose The nose is the only externally visible part of the respiratory system. • Nostrils. During breathing, air enters the nose by passing through the nostrils, or nares. • Nasal cavity. The interior of the nose consists of the nasal cavity, divided by a midline nasal septum. • Olfactory receptors. The olfactory receptors for the sense of • Respiratory mucosa. The rest of the mucosal lining, the nasal cavity called the respiratory mucosa, rests on a rich network of thin-walled veins that warms the air as it flows past. • Mucus. In addition, the sticky mucus produced by the mucosa’s glands moistens the air and traps incoming bacteria and other foreign debris, and lysozyme enzymes in the mucus destroy bacteria chemically. • Ciliated cells. The ciliated cells of the nasal mucosa create a gentle current that moves ...

Overview What is the respiratory system? The respiratory system is the network of organs and tissues that help you breathe. It includes your airways, lungs and blood vessels. The muscles that power your lungs are also part of the respiratory system. These parts work together to move oxygen throughout the body and clean out waste gases like carbon dioxide. Function What does the respiratory system do? The respiratory system has many functions. Besides helping you inhale (breathe in) and exhale (breathe out), it: • Allows you to talk and to smell. • Warms air to match your body temperature and moisturizes it to the humidity level your body needs. • Delivers oxygen to the cells in your body. • Removes waste gases, including carbon dioxide, from the body when you exhale. • Protects your airways from harmful substances and irritants. Anatomy What are the parts of the respiratory system? The respiratory system has many different parts that work together to help you breathe. Each group of parts has many separate components. Your airways deliver air to your lungs. Your airways are a complicated system that includes your: • Mouth and nose: Openings that pull air from outside your body into your respiratory system. • Sinuses: Hollow areas between the bones in your head that help regulate the temperature and humidity of the air you inhale. • Pharynx (throat): Tube that delivers air from your mouth and nose to the trachea (windpipe). • Trachea: Passage connecting your throat and lungs...

The respiratory system allows air to reach the lungs, from which oxygen enters the blood and circulates to all body cells. This system also removes waste gases from the body and helps prevent disease due to particulate matter. The respiratory system The respiratory system is made up of the nose, sinuses, lungs, This article examines the various parts of the respiratory system, some respiratory conditions, and how a person breathes. It also looks at lung function and the processes of inhalation and exhalation. The respiratory system is divided into an upper and lower respiratory tract. The upper tract • the nose and nasal cavity • the sinuses • the pharynx • the larynx The lower respiratory tract includes: • the lungs • the trachea • the diaphragm The sections below will look at each part of the respiratory system in more detail. Nose and nasal cavity Forming the main external opening of the respiratory system, the nose The nasal cavity is the uppermost part of the respiratory system, divided into two by the nasal septum. It is the best entrance for outside air, as hairs and mucus line the inside wall and operate as air cleansers. Within this hollow space, the air is warmed, moisturized, and filtered before reaching the lungs. The nose prevents dust, mold, and other contaminants from reaching the lungs. Sinuses The paranasal (meaning around the nose) sinuses are four paired, hollow spaces above and below the eyes. Connected to the nose by small openings, they Sinuses develo...

Respiratory system (Systema respiratorum) The respiratory system, also called the pulmonary system, consists of several • The upper respiratory tract includes the • The lower respiratory tract includes the larynx below the vocal cords, the The lungs are most often considered as part of the lower respiratory tract, but are sometimes described as a separate entity. They contain the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs and This article will discuss the Key facts about the respiratory system Upper respiratory tract Nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx and larynx above the vocal cords Lower respiratory airways Larynx below the vocal cords, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and lungs Functions Upper respiratory tract: conduction, filtration, humidification and warming of inhaled air Lower respiratory tract: conduction and gas exchange Upper respiratory tract The upper respiratory tract refers to the parts of the respiratory system that lie outside the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx and the superior portion of the larynx. Most of the upper respiratory tract is lined with the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, also known as the respiratory epithelium. The exceptions are some parts of the pharynx and larynx. Nasal cavity Synonyms: Nasal cavity proper, Cavum nasi The upper respiratory tract begins with the nasal cavity. The nasal cavity opens anteriorly on the The lateral walls of the nasal cavity contain three bony projections called nasal co...

The respiratory system, which includes air passages, pulmonary vessels, the lungs, and breathing muscles, aids the body in the exchange of gases between the air and blood, and between the blood and the body’s billions of cells. Most of the organs of the respiratory system help to distribute air, but only the tiny, grape-like alveoli and the alveolar ducts are responsible for actual gas exchange. Upper respiratory tract: Composed of the nose, the pharynx, and the larynx, the organs of the upper respiratory tract are located outside the chest cavity. • Nasal cavity: Inside the nose, the sticky mucous membrane lining the nasal cavity traps dust particles, and tiny hairs called cilia help move them to the nose to be sneezed or blown out. • Sinuses: These air-filled spaces along side the nose help make the skull lighter. • Pharynx: Both food and air pass through the pharynx before reaching their appropriate destinations. The pharynx also plays a role in speech. • Larynx: The larynx is essential to human speech. Lower respiratory tract: Composed of the trachea, the lungs, and all segments of the bronchial tree (including the alveoli), the organs of the lower respiratory tract are located inside the chest cavity. • Trachea: Located just below the larynx, the trachea is the main airway to the lungs. • Lungs: Together the lungs form one of the body’s largest organs. They’re responsible for providing oxygen to capillaries and exhaling carbon dioxide. • Bronchi: The bronchi branch fr...