Facial muscles anatomy

Contents • 1 Orbital Group • 2 Oral Group • 3 Nasal Group • 4 Auricular Group • 5 Occiptofrontalis Group • 6 Neck Group • 7 Muscles of Mastication • 8 References Orbital Group The orbital group consists of the orbicularis oculi (3 portions), depressor supercilii, and corrugator supercilii (oblique and transverse heads). These muscles provide movement of the eyelid, eyebrow, and periorbital skin and are innervated by branches of the facial nerve Muscle Nerve Action Orbicularis, Orbital Facial nerve (temporal, zygomatic) Forcible eye closure Orbicularis, Palpebral Preseptal Pretarsal (Riolan, Horner) Facial nerve (temporal, zygomatic) Gentle eye closure Blinking Lacrimal outflow Corrugator supercilii Facial nerve (temporal) Draws eyebrow medially and inferiorly Depressor supercilii Facial nerve (temporal) Depression of eyebrow Oral Group The oral group consists of the orbicularis oris, depressor anguli oris, levator anguli oris, zygomaticus major, zygomaticus minor, levator labii superioris, levator labii superioris alaeque nasi, risorius, depressor labii inferioris, mentalis, and buccinator. These muscles provide movement of the lips and are innervated by branches of the facial nerve Muscle Nerve Action Orbicularis oris Facial nerve (buccal and mandibular) Mouth closure, pursing lips Depressor anguli oris Facial nerve (buccal and mandibular) Depresses corners of mouth Levator anguli oris Facial nerve (zygomatic and buccal) Elevates angle of the mouth Zygomaticus major Facia...

We attempted to synthesize the anatomy of the face and neck in this anatomy module. We used MRI images T2-weighted with axial, sagittal and coronal planes. 512 anatomical structures were dynamically labeled, and some structures have been redesigned or enhanced with a graphic tablet for better readability. Cross-sectional anatomy: Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the head and neck • An MRI of the face and neck was performed on a healthy patient, using T2 weighting, (image size: 320 * 320 pixels) (600 images). We did not select the T1 weighting because it provided a lower contrast. Unfortunately, during the MR exam, we discovered a thyroglossal duct cyst associated with ectopic thyroid behind the hyoid bone. We have didactically “cleared” this abnormal image in order to provide to users a normal exam; however anomalies can be seen in the pre-epiglottic fat body; please excuse us for this. • After post-processing with Photoshop, DICOM images converted to JPEG have been included with Adobe Animate to create this dynamic module. Each anatomical element was labeled on the 3 space planes: axial, frontal and sagittal. Anatomical structures of the face and oral cavity labeled on a MRI axial slice : pharynx, tong, tooth, masticator muscles... Anatomy of the face and neck: view anatomical labels On the top menu, the user can select the labels to be displayed: The bones of the face and neck were labeled using different colors to facilitate comprehension. The bone structures are rather mo...

Knowing the facial anatomy is fundamental to performing more than aesthetic surgery. A provider’s lack of understanding of the intricate web of facial muscles, nerves, arteries and more can turn a relatively simple injection technique, with botulinum toxin or a filler, into a serious complication. “All injectors — dermatology to facial plastic and plastic surgery to oculoplastic and maxillofacial surgeons — should have a very good knowledge of the facial anatomy,” says Manolis G Manolakakis, D.M.D., director of the facial cosmetic surgery fellowship at RWJ Barnabas-Monmouth Medical Center, a diplomate of American Board Facial Cosmetic Surgery and fellow of the American Academy Cosmetic Surgery. “That includes the subcutaneous planes of anatomy: different nerves, muscles, as well as blood vessels, and whether they’re arteries, veins, big ones, little ones. This is especially important around periocular areas.” Without a comprehensive anatomical understanding, a physician injecting dermal fillers, for example, might inject into a vessel, causing a catastrophic event, like blindness. Blindness might also result from Kenalog or steroid injections. The problem is there are vessels that have no valves, and fillers can cause clots in a retinal artery, he says. Skin necrosis also occurs when injectors don’t fully understand facial anatomy, according to Dr. Manolakakis. And bad outcomes — they’re yet another result of not knowing the facial anatomy. Botulinum ...

Facial muscles Facial muscles permit a large variety of facial expressions, they are used to show surprise, disgust, anger, fear, and other emotions, they are an important means of nonverbal communication, Facial muscles expression includes frontalis, orbicularis oris, laris oculi, buccinator, and zygomaticus. Facial muscles Muscles of the face Under the 1. Orbicularis oculi It is a circular muscle around the orbital opening, It is formed of an orbital part that covers the Its action: • Orbital part: forced closure of the eyelids (protection). • Palpebral part: light closure of eyelids (blinking) or during sleep. • Lacrimal part: dilates the lacrimal sac (to drain tears). 2. Orbicularis oris It is a circular muscle that surrounds the mouth opening. Its action: • It compresses the lips together (kissing). • This 3. Buccinator It is the Its action: It empties the vestibule of the mouth by compressing the cheek against the teeth, It is pierced by the duct of the parotid gland. Arteries of the face • Facial artery. • Transverse facial artery. • Infraorbital artery. • Mental artery. • Supraorbital and supratrochlear arteries. • Superficial temporal artery. Facial artery • Origin: it arises from the external carotid artery in the neck. • Course: after passing through the deep structures in the neck, it appears at the lower border of the mandible, just anterior to the masseter where its pulsations can be felt, From this point the facial artery runs upwards and medially in a tortu...

If it seems like everyone is forever chasing a snatched, sharp-as-glass jawline, it's because they are. As the face ages naturally, it's common for the jawline to lose its sharp definition. Injectables may be a go-to treatment for smoothing out fine lines and keeping wrinkles at bay, but you can also use Botox for jaw-dropping benefits (pun intended!). A few injections of strategically-placed Botox — sometimes coupled with other aesthetic treatments — can be the defining factor for a smooth, taut jawline. Beyond its anti-wrinkle uses, many injectors believe Botox is also the best solution for alleviating grinding and clenching and even improving symptoms of temporomandibular jaw syndrome (TMJ). Here, everything there is to know about using Botox for jaw muscles and slimming the face. How Botox Slims the Jawline From an aesthetic standpoint, treating the jaw with Botox slims the lower face. With age, collagen and elastin production and facial volume decrease, and the facial bones lose density and resorb, resulting in a loss of skin firmness and elasticity and less jawline structural support. "These changes lead to sagging and tissue laxity along the jawline and jowls for a less defined jawline," Katz says. Plus, treating the muscles in the back of the jawline with Botox helps to slim the lower face and balance out facial proportions for a softer, more feminine appearance and less width in the jawline. "The face can also appear more heart- or oval-shaped than a masculine sha...

The facial nerve is the 7th cranial nerve and carries nerve fibers that control facial movement and expression. The facial nerve also carries nerves that are involved in taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue and producing tears (lacrimal gland). It has small branches involved in moderating our sensitivity to noise volume (stapedius muscle) and several other muscles not involved in routine facial expression 1. The cells that transmit information within the facial nerve originate in the base of the brain, or the brain stem, in a region called the pons. The nerve must therefore travel through the base of the skull in order to reach the face. Along this route, the facial nerve travels in close proximity to the eighth cranial nerve, the vestibulocochlear nerve, which is responsible for hearing and balance. The facial nerve exits the base of the skull at the stylomastoid foramen, which is an opening in the bone located near the base of the ear. [1] Pepper JP. Facial Paralysis and Facial Reanimation. Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 2016 Apr 6:109. The facial nerve then enters the parotid gland, and branches into five divisions (see above). The facial nerve has five main branches, although the anatomy can vary somewhat between individuals. The branches are, from top to bottom: frontal (or temporal), zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, and cervical. Each of these branches provides input to a group of muscles of facial expression. The fo...

Article: • • • • • • • Gross anatomy In terms of location and function the facial muscles can be subdivided as follows: Epicranial • epicranius muscle • occipitofrontalis muscle • • • Circumorbital and palpebral • • • Nasal • • • • • • • • Buccolabial Elevators, retractors and evertors of the upper lip: • • • • • • • Depressors, retractors and evertors of the lower lip: • • • Compound sphincter: • • • • Arterial supply They are supplied primarily by the Venous drainage The Innervation They are innervated by branches of the Development The facial muscles arise from the • 1. Susan Standring. Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. (2008) ISBN: 9780443066849 - • 2. Daniel R, Glasz T, Molnar G, Palhazi P, Saban Y, Journel B. The Lower Nasal Base: An Anatomical Study. Aesthetic Surgery Journal. 2013;33(2):222-32. • 3. FIPAT. Terminologia Anatomica. 2nd Ed. FIPAT.library.dal.ca. Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology, 2019.

• 1 Orbital Group • 1.1 Clinical Relevance: Paralysis to the Orbital Muscles • 2 Nasal Group • 3 Oral Group • 3.1 Clinical Relevance: Paralysis to the Oral Muscles The muscles of facial expression are located within the subcutaneous tissue of the face. They originate from bone or fascia and insert onto the skin. As they contract, the muscles pull on the skin to exert their effects. These muscles all develop from the second pharyngeal arch. As they migrate from the arch, they take their nerve supply with them. As such, they are all innervated by branches of the facial nerve. The facial muscles can broadly be categorised into three groups – orbital, nasal and oral. In this article, we shall look at the anatomy of the muscles of facial expression – their attachments, actions and clinical relevance. Orbital Group The orbital group of facial muscles contains two muscles associated with the eye socket. These muscles control the movements of the eyelids, important in protecting the cornea from damage. They are both innervated by the facial nerve. Orbicularis Oculi The orbicularis oculi muscle surrounds the eye socket and extends into the eyelid. It has three distinct parts – palpebral, lacrimal, and orbital. • Attachments – Originates from the medial orbital margin, the medial palpebral ligament, and the lacrimal bone. It inserts onto the skin around the margin of the orbit as well as the tarsal plates of the eyelid. • Actions: • Palpebral part – gently closes the eyelids. • Lacr...