Naoh chemical name

Caustic Soda - NaOH What is Caustic Soda? Caustic soda is an alkali salt which is also called Lye. It is the common name of sodium hydroxide. This name is given due to the corrosive nature of this salt on animal and plant tissues. It has a wide range of applications. The NaOH. Preparation of Caustic Soda • Castner-Kellner process • Nelson Diaphragm cell • Loewig’s process Castner-Kellner process Principle: In the Castner-Kellner method, electrolysis of brine solution is performed in order to obtain sodium hydroxide. Castner-Kellner cell: It is a steel tank that is rectangular. Ebonite is lined inside the tank. Titanium acts as an anode and a layer of mercury at the bottom of the tank acts as the cathode. Ionization of brine solution occurs according to the following reaction: 2 N a C l → 2 N a + + 2 C l − When the brine solution comes in contact with electric current, ionization takes place. As a result positive and the negative ions move towards the electrodes. Sodium ions get deposited at the mercury cathode forming a sodium amalgam. Chlorine ions move towards the anode and exit the cell from the top. Reaction at the anode: 2 C l − → C l 2 + 2 e − Reaction at the cathode: 2 N a + + 2 e − → 2 N a Formation of NaOH The amalgam formed is then transferred to another chamber called denuder. In the denuder, it is treated with water to obtain a sodium hydroxide solution. On evaporation of the solution, solid sodium hydroxide is formed. This is a very efficient pr...

Sodium hydroxide is a chemical compound having the formula \(NaOH\). It’s also referred to as sodium hydroxide. It’s white in colour and consists of sodium cations \(Na^\). Other names of sodium hydroxide are Ascarite, White caustic, Sodium hydrate. Its formula is NaOH and having a 2 FAQs about Sodium Hydroxide What is Sodium Hydroxide? Sodium hydroxide is also known as caustic soda as it is made from a highly caustic base and Sodium hydroxide is employed in many industries: within the manufacture of pulp and paper, textiles, beverage, soaps and detergents, and as a drain cleaner. Physical Properties Physically unblended NaOH is a colourless crystalline solid. It’s melting point of 318 °C (604 °F), and a boiling point of 1,388 °C (2,530 °F). It’s highly soluble in water, with a lower solubility in polar solvents like ethanol and methanol. NaOH does not dissolve in ether or other non-polar solvents. It feels slippery with skin contact caused by the method of saponification that happens between NaOH and natural skin oils. Viscosity The viscosity of aqueous NaOH, like any liquid chemical, is inversely associated with its service temperature, i.e., its viscosity decreases as temperature increases, and the other way around. The Hydrates Sodium hydroxide can form several hydrates \(NaOH.nH_\) Saponification Sodium hydroxide is usually in use for the hydrolysis of esters like amides and alkyl halides. Despite solubility in propanediol, it’s unlikely to exchange water in saponific...

systematic name common name N 2O nitrous oxide (laughing gas) NO nitric oxide NO 2 nitrogen dioxide N 2O 3 dinitrogen trioxide N 2O 4 dinitrogen tetroxide N 2O 5 dinitrogen pentoxide To avoid awkward pronunciations, the final o or a of the prefix is often dropped when the element name begins with a vowel. For example, N 2O 4 is referred to as dinitrogen tetroxide, not dinitrogen tetraoxide, and CO is called carbon monoxide, not carbon monooxide. Prefixes used in chemical nomenclature prefix number of atoms mono- 1 di- 2 tri- 3 tetra- 4 penta- 5 hexa- 6 hepta- 7 octa- 8 Nonbinary compounds Ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions A special type of 4NO 3), which contains two polyatomic ions, NH 4 + and NO 3 −. As the name suggests, a polyatomic Common polyatomic ions *Bisulfate and **bicarbonate are widely used common names for hydrogen sulfate and hydrogen carbonate, respectively. ion name ion name NH 4 + ammonium CO 3 2− carbonate NO 2 − nitrite HCO 3 − hydrogen carbonate** NO 3 − nitrate ClO − hypochlorite SO 3 2− sulfite ClO 2 − chlorite SO 4 2− sulfate ClO 3 − chlorate HSO 4 − hydrogen sulfate* ClO 4 − perchlorate OH − hydroxide C 2H 3O 2 − acetate CN − cyanide MnO 4 − permanganate PO 4 3− phosphate Cr 2O 7 2− dichromate HPO 4 2− hydrogen phosphate CrO 4 2− chromate H 2PO 4 − dihydrogen phosphate O 2 2− peroxide Several series of polyatomic anions exist that contain an atom of a given element in combination with different numbers of oxygen atoms. Such anions are calle...

Sodium hydroxide, also known as caustic soda and lye, is an inorganic compound with NaOH as caustic soda formula. It is a white-colored solid ionic compound consisting of hydroxide anions OH - and sodium cations Na + . It's a highly caustic base and the alkali that decomposes proteins at ordinary ambient temperatures and can severely burn chemical burns. It readily absorbs carbon dioxide and moisture from the air and is highly soluble in water. It creates a series of hydrates NaOH·nH 2 O. Note: The monohydrate NaOH·H 2 O crystallises from the water solutions between the temperatures of 12.3 and 61.8 °C. "Sodium hydroxide", which is commercially available, is often this monohydrate, and published data can refer to it instead of an anhydrous compound. It is frequently used as one of the simplest hydroxides alongside acidic hydrochloric acid and neutral water to demonstrate the chemistry students' pH scale. Preparation of Caustic Soda Sodium hydroxide or caustic soda can be prepared by three successive methods as given below: • Castner-Kellner process • Nelson Diaphragm cell • Loewig's process Let us now discuss the Castner-Kellner process in brief. Castner-Kellner Process Principle In the process of Castner-Kellner, electrolysis of brine solution is performed to obtain the sodium hydroxide. Castner-Kellner cell It is a rectangular steel tank, where the ebonite is lined inside the tank. The titanium acts as an anode, and a mercury layer, residing at the bottom of the tank, ac...

Glossary Group A vertical column in the periodic table. Members of a group typically have similar properties and electron configurations in their outer shell. Period A horizontal row in the periodic table. The atomic number of each element increases by one, reading from left to right. Block Elements are organised into blocks by the orbital type in which the outer electrons are found. These blocks are named for the characteristic spectra they produce: sharp (s), principal (p), diffuse (d), and fundamental (f). Atomic number The number of protons in an atom. Electron configuration The arrangements of electrons above the last (closed shell) noble gas. Melting point The temperature at which the solid–liquid phase change occurs. Boiling point The temperature at which the liquid–gas phase change occurs. Sublimation The transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase without passing through a liquid phase. Density (g cm −3) Density is the mass of a substance that would fill 1 cm 3 at room temperature. Relative atomic mass The mass of an atom relative to that of carbon-12. This is approximately the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Where more than one isotope exists, the value given is the abundance weighted average. Isotopes Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons. CAS number The Chemical Abstracts Service registry number is a unique identifier of a particular chemical, designed to prevent confusion arising from diff...

• Experimental Physico-chemical Properties • Experimental Melting Point: 318 °C Alfa Aesar 318 °C OU Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) 318 °C Alfa Aesar -11 °C Oakwood 318 °C Oakwood 323 °C FooDB 604-606 °F (317.7778-318.8889 °C) Wikidata 605 °F (318.3333 °C) Wikidata 318 °C Sigma-Aldrich 318.4 °C Strem 318 °C Kaye & Laby (No longer updated) -11 °C Oakwood 318 °C Oakwood • Experimental Boiling Point: 1390 °C Alfa Aesar 2534 °F (1390 °C) NIOSH 1390 °C OU Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) 1390 °C Alfa Aesar 105-140 °C Oakwood 1390 °C Oakwood 1390 °C FooDB 2533-2535 °F / 760 mmHg (1389.4444-1390.5556 °C / 760 mmHg) Wikidata 2534 °F / 760 mmHg (1390 °C / 760 mmHg) Wikidata 1390 °C Strem 1390 °C / 760 mmHg Kaye & Laby (No longer updated) 105-140 °C Oakwood 1390 °C Oakwood • Experimental Vapor Pressure: 0 mmHg (Approximate) NIOSH • Experimental Solubility: 109% w/w in 20?C water Kaye & Laby (No longer updated) 110-112 g/100g Wikidata 111% NIOSH 111.0 g/100g Wikidata 347% w/w in 100?C water Kaye & Laby (No longer updated) insoluble in acetone Kaye & Laby (No longer updated) insoluble in ether Kaye & Laby (No longer updated) Soluble in water, alcohol and glycerol Alfa Aesar very soluble in ethanol Kaye & Laby (No longer updated) • Experimental Density: 2.13 g/mL Alfa Aesar 2.13 g/mL Oakwood 2.13 g/mL Wikidata 2.13 g/mL / 20 °C Kaye & Laby (No longer updated) • Miscellaneous • Appearance: Colorless to white, odorless solid (flakes, beads, granular form). NIOSH odourle...