Q.2 What are the similarities between colonial management of the forests in Bastar and inJava? Solution: Forest management of Bastar in India was under the control of the British, while in Java, it was under Dutch management (I)Just like the British, the Dutch required timber to make sleepers for railway tracks.

Why are forest affected by wars? OR How did the First World War and the Second World War affect forests?

• Tropical evergreen forests have short structured trees followed by a tall variety of trees. • These forests receive rainfall over 200 cm. • They are found in the western slope of the Western Ghats, hills of Northeastern states and Andaman and the Nicobar Islands.

Based on the Köppen system, India hosts six major climatic sub types, ranging from arid deserts in the west, alpine tundra and glaciers in the north, and humid tropical regions supporting rain forests in the southwest and the island territories.

There are eight major terrestrial biomes: tropical rainforests, savannas, subtropical deserts, chaparral, temperate grasslands, temperate forests, boreal forests, and Arctic tundra. Biomes are large-scale environments that are distinguished by characteristic temperature ranges and amounts of precipitation.

Answer: Forest acts as a natural absorber of water. It allows rain water to seep through. In the absence of trees, the rain water would hit the ground directly resulting in flood. However, because of the presence of trees, rain water does not hit the ground directly. It rather hits the ground slowly.

Answer: Forest acts as a natural absorber of rainwater and allows it to seep underground. It helps in controlling the flow of water and slows it down which helps in preventing floods.