Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) describes a cluster of neurocognitive syndromes that present with impairment of executive functioning, changes in behavior, and a decrease in language proficiency. FTD is the second most common form of dementia in those younger than 65 years and is expected to increase in prevalence as the population ages.

Mesial (“near the middle”) temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). About 80% of all temporal lobe seizures start in the mesial temporal lobe, with seizures often starting in or near a structure called the hippocampus. You have a hippocampus in each temporal lobe, which control memory and learning. MTLE is the most common form of epilepsy.

Occipital Lobe. Your occipital lobe, the smallest and rear-most of the lobes, is the visual processing hub of your brain. This area processes visual signals and works cooperatively with many other brain areas. It plays a crucial role in language and reading, storing memories, recognizing familiar places and faces, and much more.