State the role of atp in cellular respiration

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Adenosine Triphosphate Definition Adenosine triphosphate, also known as ATP, is a molecule that carries energy within cells. It is the main energy currency of the cell, and it is an end product of the processes of photophosphorylation (adding a phosphate group to a molecule using energy from light), cellular respiration, and fermentation. All living things use ATP. In addition to being used as an energy source, it is also used in signal transduction pathways for cell communication and is incorporated into deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) during DNA synthesis. Structure of ATP This is a structural diagram of ATP. It is made up of the molecule adenosine (which itself is made up of adenine and a ribose sugar) and three phosphate groups. It is soluble in water and has a high energy content due to having two phosphoanhydride bonds connecting the three phosphate groups. Functions of ATP Energy Source ATP is the main carrier of energy that is used for all cellular activities. When ATP is hydrolyzed and converted to adenosine diphosphate (ADP), energy is released. The removal of one phosphate group releases 7.3 kilocalories per mole, or 30.6 kilojoules per mole, under standard conditions. This energy powers all reactions that take place inside the cell. ADP can also be converted back into ATP so that the energy is available for other cellular reactions. ATP is produced through several different methods. Photophosphorylation is a method specific to plants and cyanobacteria. It is the cr...

I know that when ATP is more then it inhibits PFK and hence regulate the number of ATP. But how does PFK reactivates itself? Is it due to removal of ATP from allosteric site that just reconfigures the enzyme back to normal functional state, or does binding of AMP (after ATP removal) does that? To clear the meaning, PFK+ATP= (inactive PFK+ATP) So is it (1) or (2)? (1) (inactive PFK+ATP) => (Active PFK)+ATP (2) (inactive PFK+ATP) => (Inactive PFK)+ATP removed => (Inactive PFK)+ attached AMP => (Active PFK) + removed AMP This is clearly explained on the Wikipedia page for Phosphofrucokinase. AMP is an allosteric activator of the enzyme and ATP competes for binding at the same site but is not an activator. You should think of the interaction between the two regulators in terms of reversible binding of both: since they compete for binding at the same site the proportion of the enzyme with bound AMP will go down if [ATP] goes up, for example. Neither of your proposed schemes is correct: the enzyme is more active with AMP bound and less active with ATP bound. The idea that AMP binds, activates, then wanders off is wrong. I know that when ATP is more then it inhibits PFK and hence regulate the number of ATP. This is correct. High levels of ATP cause an inhibitory effect on PFK, specifically brought about by ATP binding to an allosteric site on PFK. By ATP binding to the allosteric site of PFK, the energy state of PFK significantly increases. Illustrated below are the active and al...

You can sometimes have too much of a good thing. For instance, consider ice cream sandwiches. Maybe you really like ice cream sandwiches and buy a bunch of them at the store. If you’re very hungry, that might be a good choice: you can eat them all quickly, before they melt. If you’re only a little hungry, though, that might be a bad choice: most of the sandwiches will melt uneaten, at which point you will have wasted some money. Cells face a related problem when they break down fuels, such as glucose, to produce ATP. If the cell’s supply of ATP is low, it would do well to break down glucose as quickly as possible, replenishing the ATP it needs to “keep the lights on.” If the supply of ATP is high, on the other hand, it might not be such a good idea to oxidize glucose at top speed. ATP is an unstable molecule, and if it sits around in the cell too long, it’s likely to spontaneously hydrolyze back to ADP. This is like the case of the melted ice cream sandwich: the cell has spent glucose to make ATP, and that ATP ends up going to waste. How is the activity of a pathway controlled? In many cases, pathways are regulated through enzymes that catalyze individual steps of the pathway. If the enzyme for a particular step is active, that step can take place quickly, but if the enzyme is inactive, the step will happen slowly or not at all. Thus, if a cell wants to control the activity of a metabolic pathway, it needs to regulate the activity of one or more of the enzymes in that path...

Through respiration, there are a lot of chemical reaction (called the Citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle)that use glucose and oxygen to produce ATP wich is the molecule used as energie by most organism's cells. the atp synthase combine the adenosine diphosphate (ADP) with a phosphate molecule in order to form an ATP adenosine triphosphate. if you want to go deeper in the krebs cycle :

Cellular respiration consists of three parts in order: glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain. Glycolysis involves total of 10 steps. Out of those, step 1 and 3 use ATP. • In step 1, hexokinase (HK) take a phosphate from ATP and add the phosphate to glucose to create glucose-6-phosphate. Because a phosphate is taken out, ATP becomes ADP. • In step 3, phosphofructokinase (PFK) take a phosphate from ATP and add the phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate to create fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. Electron transport chain consists of many steps as well. Out of those, the last step produces ATP. In last step, ATP synthase uses the difference in hydrogen ion concentration to make ATP. • NADH catalyzes a series of reactions with several • The higher concentration in intermembrane space means hydrogen cations prefer to go back to mitochondrial matrix. • ATP synthase use this force to drive reaction that adds a phosphate to ADP to create ATP.

Through respiration, there are a lot of chemical reaction (called the Citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle)that use glucose and oxygen to produce ATP wich is the molecule used as energie by most organism's cells. the atp synthase combine the adenosine diphosphate (ADP) with a phosphate molecule in order to form an ATP adenosine triphosphate. if you want to go deeper in the krebs cycle :

I know that when ATP is more then it inhibits PFK and hence regulate the number of ATP. But how does PFK reactivates itself? Is it due to removal of ATP from allosteric site that just reconfigures the enzyme back to normal functional state, or does binding of AMP (after ATP removal) does that? To clear the meaning, PFK+ATP= (inactive PFK+ATP) So is it (1) or (2)? (1) (inactive PFK+ATP) => (Active PFK)+ATP (2) (inactive PFK+ATP) => (Inactive PFK)+ATP removed => (Inactive PFK)+ attached AMP => (Active PFK) + removed AMP This is clearly explained on the Wikipedia page for Phosphofrucokinase. AMP is an allosteric activator of the enzyme and ATP competes for binding at the same site but is not an activator. You should think of the interaction between the two regulators in terms of reversible binding of both: since they compete for binding at the same site the proportion of the enzyme with bound AMP will go down if [ATP] goes up, for example. Neither of your proposed schemes is correct: the enzyme is more active with AMP bound and less active with ATP bound. The idea that AMP binds, activates, then wanders off is wrong. I know that when ATP is more then it inhibits PFK and hence regulate the number of ATP. This is correct. High levels of ATP cause an inhibitory effect on PFK, specifically brought about by ATP binding to an allosteric site on PFK. By ATP binding to the allosteric site of PFK, the energy state of PFK significantly increases. Illustrated below are the active and al...

Cellular respiration consists of three parts in order: glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain. Glycolysis involves total of 10 steps. Out of those, step 1 and 3 use ATP. • In step 1, hexokinase (HK) take a phosphate from ATP and add the phosphate to glucose to create glucose-6-phosphate. Because a phosphate is taken out, ATP becomes ADP. • In step 3, phosphofructokinase (PFK) take a phosphate from ATP and add the phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate to create fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. Electron transport chain consists of many steps as well. Out of those, the last step produces ATP. In last step, ATP synthase uses the difference in hydrogen ion concentration to make ATP. • NADH catalyzes a series of reactions with several • The higher concentration in intermembrane space means hydrogen cations prefer to go back to mitochondrial matrix. • ATP synthase use this force to drive reaction that adds a phosphate to ADP to create ATP.

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