The fracture & orthopaedic clinic

Overview What is a fractured spine? A fractured spine is a medical term for breaking any of your vertebrae, the 33 bones that make up your spinal column. A single bone in your People sometimes refer to a spinal fracture as a broken back. Fractured vertebrae are usually caused by Most spinal fractures won’t need surgery, but you might need to wear a brace for a few months. However, severe spinal fractures will need to be surgically repaired. Types of spinal fractures A healthcare provider will classify the fracture in your spine based on where it is in your back and how your vertebrae are broken. They’ll also classify the fracture as stable or unstable, depending on whether your vertebrae are out of their usual alignment. Segments of the spine Your spine is divided into three main sections, all of which can experience a spinal fracture: • Cervical spine fracture: Broken vertebrae in your neck. • Thoracic spine fracture: Broken vertebrae in your upper back that runs from the bottom of your neck to the bottom of your ribs. • Lumbar spine fracture: Broken vertebrae in your lower back. Fracture types The most common types of spinal fractures include: • Compression fractures: • Burst fractures: Burst fractures happen when your spine is suddenly compressed with a strong force. They can cause your vertebrae to break into many pieces. • Chance (flexion/distraction) factures: Chance fractures happen when your vertebrae are suddenly pulled away from each other. They’re almost like th...

An attorney intending on climbing the career ladder toward success finds an unlikely opponent in a manipulative criminal he is trying to prosecute. An attorney intending on climbing the career ladder toward success finds an unlikely opponent in a manipulative criminal he is trying to prosecute. An attorney intending on climbing the career ladder toward success finds an unlikely opponent in a manipulative criminal he is trying to prosecute.

What is a fracture? A fracture is a broken bone. It can range from a thin crack to a complete break. Bone can fracture crosswise, lengthwise, in several places, or into many pieces. Most fractures happen when a bone is impacted by more force or pressure than it can support. If you suspect you have a fracture, seek medical help immediately. Most fractures are accompanied by intense pain when the initial injury occurs. It may become worse when you move or touch the injured area. In some cases, you may even pass out from the pain. You may also feel dizzy or chilled from shock. Other potential symptoms of a fracture include: • a snap or grinding sound when the injury occurs • swelling, redness, and bruising in the injured area • difficulty supporting weight with the injured area • visible deformity in the injured area In some cases, you may see broken bone poking through your skin. Fractures can be classified as closed or open, as well as incomplete or complete. Closed vs. open A closed fracture is also called a simple fracture. In a closed fracture, the broken bone doesn’t break your skin. An open fracture is also called a compound fracture. In an open fracture, the ends of the broken bone tear your skin. When your bone and other internal tissues are exposed, it puts you at higher risk of infection. Incomplete vs. complete In an incomplete fracture, your bone doesn’t break completely. In other words, it cracks without breaking all the way through. Types of incomplete fracture...

A bone fracture is a crack or break in a bone. Bone fractures usually result from a high force impact or stress. But, people with osteoporosis or bone cancer may experience a fracture with very little impact. A fracture that results from a medical condition that weakens the bones is called a pathological fracture. In this article, we detail the different types of bone fractures, their various causes, and the treatments available. Share on Pinterest Rebecca Nelson/Getty Images A bone fracture is a full or partial break in the continuity of bone tissue. Fractures can occur in any bone in the body. There are By contrast, a compound fracture is one that damages surrounding tissue and penetrates the skin. Compound fractures are generally more serious than simple fractures due to the risk of There are a number of other • • Comminuted fracture: An impact shatters the bone into many pieces. • Compression, or crush, fracture: This generally occurs in the spongy bone in the spine. For example, the front portion of a vertebra in the spine may collapse due to • Fracture dislocation: This occurs when a joint dislocates, and one of the bones of the joint fractures. • Greenstick fracture: The bone partly fractures on one side but does not break completely, because the rest of the bone can bend. • Hairline fracture: This is a thin, partial fracture of the bone. • Impacted fracture: When a bone fractures, a piece of the bone may impact another bone. • Intra-articular fracture: This occurs ...

What is a fracture? A fracture is a partial or complete break in the bone. When a fracture happens, it’s classified as either open or closed: • Open fracture (also called compound fracture): The bone pokes through the skin and can be seen, or a deep wound exposes the bone through the skin. • Closed fracture (also called simple fracture). The bone is broken, but the skin is intact. Fractures have a variety of names. Here is a listing of the common types that may happen: • Greenstick. This is an incomplete fracture. A portion of the bone is broken, causing the other side to bend. • Transverse. The break is in a straight line across the bone. • Spiral. The break spirals around the bone; common in a twisting injury. • Oblique. The break is diagonal across the bone • Compression. The bone is crushed. This causes the broken bone to be wider or flatter in appearance. • Comminuted. The bone has broken into three or more pieces and fragments are present at the fracture site. • Segmental. The same bone is fractured in two places, so there is a "floating" piece of bone. What causes fractures? Fractures most often happen when more force is applied to the bone than the bone can take. Bones are weakest when they are twisted. Bone fractures can be caused by falls, trauma, or as a result of a direct blow or kick to the body. Overuse or repetitive motions can tire muscles and put more pressure on the bone. This causes stress fractures. This is more common in athletes. Fractures can also be...

Colles' fracture The distal radius fracture is one of the most common fractures of the wrist. It usually occurs when people fall on an outstretched hand. A broken wrist is a break or crack in one or more of the bones of your wrist. The most common of these injuries occurs in the wrist when people try to catch themselves during a fall and land hard on an outstretched hand. You may be at higher risk of a broken wrist if you participate in sports like in-line skating or snowboarding, or if you have a condition in which bones become thinner and more fragile (osteoporosis). Symptoms A broken wrist might cause these signs and symptoms: • Severe pain that might worsen when gripping or squeezing or moving your hand or wrist • Swelling • Tenderness • Bruising • Obvious deformity, such as a bent wrist When to call a doctor If you think you might have a broken wrist, see a doctor immediately, especially if you have numbness, swelling or trouble moving your fingers. A delay in diagnosis and treatment can lead to poor healing, decreased range of motion and decreased grip strength. Causes A broken wrist can be caused by: • Falls. Falling onto an outstretched hand is one of the most common causes of a broken wrist. • Sports injuries. Many wrist fractures occur during contact sports or sports in which you might fall onto an outstretched hand — such as in-line skating or snowboarding. • Motor vehicle crashes. Motor vehicle crashes can cause wrist bones to break, sometimes into many pieces,...

Plot Theodore "Ted" Crawford, a wealthy Irish aeronautical engineer living in Now in jail awaiting trial, Crawford engages in a battle of wits with rising star deputy At the trial, Crawford acts as his own attorney, thereby matching himself, an untrained defendant, against a star prosecutor. Crawford informs the court that the arresting officer (Nunally) was having an affair with his wife, assaulted him during his arrest, and was present during his interrogation. Crawford's confession is therefore ruled inadmissible as evidence, being, as the judge puts it, Nunally comes up with a scheme to Beachum's future with the prestigious law firm is now in tatters. However, he begins to see his DA job as a means to fight for justice for those such as Crawford's wife. Crawford himself observes the change, commenting sarcastically that Beachum has "found God". This motivates Beachum to continue searching for evidence, almost obsessively. Realizing that Crawford's plan is to dispose of the only eyewitness to the crime, Beachum obtains a court order to keep Jennifer on A mix-up of cell phones causes Beachum to realize that Nunally and Crawford both used the same type of gun, a .45 caliber Beachum confronts Crawford with his deductions. With Jennifer now dead, the bullet lodged in her head can now be retrieved and matched with Nunally's gun. Crawford confesses, confident he is protected by the principle of The film ends with a new trial about to begin, with Beachum prosecuting and Crawfo...

A fracture is a broken bone. It requires medical attention. If the broken bone is the result of major trauma or injury, call 911 or your local emergency number. Also call for emergency help if: • The person is unresponsive, isn't breathing or isn't moving. Begin CPR if there's no breathing or heartbeat. • There is heavy bleeding. • Even gentle pressure or movement causes pain. • The limb or joint appears deformed. • The bone has pierced the skin. • The extremity of the injured arm or leg, such as a toe or finger, is numb or bluish at the tip. • You suspect a bone is broken in the neck, head or back. Don't move the person except if necessary to avoid further injury. Take these actions immediately while waiting for medical help: • Stop any bleeding. Apply pressure to the wound with a sterile bandage, a clean cloth or a clean piece of clothing. • Immobilize the injured area. Don't try to realign the bone or push a bone that's sticking out back in. If you've been trained in how to splint and professional help isn't readily available, apply a splint to the area above and below the fracture sites. Padding the splints can help reduce discomfort. • Apply ice packs to limit swelling and help relieve pain. Don't apply ice directly to the skin. Wrap the ice in a towel, piece of cloth or some other material. • Treat for shock. If the person feels faint or is breathing in short, rapid breaths, lay the person down with the head slightly lower than the trunk and, if possible, elevate the...

Overview Bone fractures are classified by their pattern, cause and where they happen in your body. What is a bone fracture? A bone fracture is the medical definition for a broken bone. Fractures are usually caused by traumas like falls, car accidents or If you break a bone, you might need surgery to repair it. Some people only need a splint, cast, brace or sling for their bone to heal. How long it takes to recover fully depends on which of your bones are fractured, where the fracture is and what caused it. Bone fracture vs. break Bone fractures and broken bones are the same injury and mean the same thing. You might see them used interchangeably. A fracture is the medical term for a broken bone, so your healthcare provider will probably refer to your broken bone as a certain type of fracture after they diagnose it. Bone fracture vs. bone bruise Bone fractures and bone bruises are both painful injuries caused by a strong force hitting your body — usually a fall, car accident or sports injury. The difference is how damaged your bone is. Your bones are living tissue that can get bruised in lots of the same ways your skin can. It takes much more force to bruise a bone than it does your skin, but the injury is very similar. If something hits your bones with enough force, they can bleed without being broken. Blood trapped under the surface of your bone after an injury is a bone bruise. A bone fracture happens when something hits your bone with enough force not only to damage it, ...