- Name two organelles that have their own genetic material.
- Name two cell organelles that are double membrane bound. What are the characteristics of these two organelles? State their functions and draw labelled diagrams of both.
Name two organelles that have their own genetic material.
Correct Answer - Option 2 : Mitochondria and plastids The correct answer is Mitochondria and plastids. • Organelles are small, specialized structures present in the cells that have a specific function. • They are found in the cytoplasm, a viscous liquid found within the cell membrane. • Some important cell organelles are the nuclei, which store genetic information, mitochondria, known as the “powerhouse of the cell”, and ribosomes, which assemble proteins. • Two organelles mentioned above that have their own genetic material are Chloroplast also known as Plastids and mitochondria. • A chloroplast is a type of organelle known as a plastid. It is characterized by its two membranes and a high concentration of chlorophyll. They have their own genetic material i.e. DNA. • The mitochondrion is a double membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms. • Mitochondria has its own DNA and plays an important role in the synthesis of enzymes and the production of energy.
Name two cell organelles that are double membrane bound. What are the characteristics of these two organelles? State their functions and draw labelled diagrams of both.
• Are sausage or cylindrical- shaped organelles found in cytoplasm • Are the sites of aerobic respiration (complete breakdown of glucose to release energy) • Number and size varies . • Has 2 membranes; outer membrane and inner membrane • Inner membrane forms a number of infoldings called the cristae • Cristae contains many enzymes required for forming ATP (storage form of energy inside a cell) • Fluid-filled space inside the mitochondria is called the matrix • Matrix contains a circular DNA, few RNA molecules and ribosomes (70S ). • Are also called the powerhouses of the cell (because they generate energy required for the cell and store it in the form of ATP) • Are semi-autonomous (They have their own DNA and replicate on their own and can also synthesize most of its proteins) • They are mainly present in the in leaf epidermal cells. • They are cylindrical- shaped organelles • They are the sites of photosynthesis • They have 2 membranes; outer and inner membrane • The fluid-filled internal space is called the stroma • The stroma contains thylakoids which contain the pigments chlorophyll and carotenoids. • The stroma also contains acircular DNA, few RNA moleculesand ribosomes (70S ).
