Explain functional units of a computer system

Basic Components of Computer A computer device is made up of various elements which help in its effective functioning and processing. There are five basic components of the computer which help in making this processing of data easier and convenient. In this article, we shall discuss the basic computer components along with their functions. Also, for candidates preparing Computer Knowledge for upcoming competitive exams, sample questions based on this concept have been given further below in this article. By definition, components of a computer system are the primary elements which make the functioning of an electronic device smooth and faster. There are five basic components which include: • Input Unit • Output Unit • Memory Unit • Control Unit • Arithmetical and Logical Unit To have a better understanding of the Fundamentals of Computer , visit the linked article. Looking for more Computer-related study material?? Refer to the following links and read more about the computer functioning and its programs: • • • • • The exterior of any computerised device may look different and may also have varied features, but the basic components remain the same for their functioning. Since the computers (in various forms) have become a part of everyday life, understanding these components of a computer system is important for everyone. As for Government exam aspirants, questions based on these may be asked in the form of multiple-choice questions in the final exam. Thus, preparing yo...

The Input Unit consists of input devices such as a mouse, keyboard, scanner, joystick, etc. These devices are used to input information or instruction into the computer system. Like other electronic machines, a computer takes inputs as raw data (binary data) and performs necessary processing giving out processed data. Therefore, the input unit is the medium of communication that takes data from us to the computer in an organized manner for processing. CPU or Central Processing Unit is known as the brain of the computer system. It is an electronic hardware device that processes all the operations (e.g., arithmetic and logical operations) of the computer. In other words, all the major calculations, operations or comparisons are performed inside the CPU. It is also responsible for handling the operations of several other units. The control unit acts like the supervisor which determines the sequence in which computer programs and instructions are executed. It retrieves instructions from memory, decodes the instructions, interprets the instructions and understands the sequence of tasks to be performed accordingly. It further transmits the instructions to the other parts of the computer system to execute them. In short, the control unit determines the sequence of operations to execute the given instructions. Arithmetic & Logic Unit The primary memory cannot store a vast amount of data. The data stored in the primary memory is temporary. The data will be lost if they are disconne...

Great question. When you press a key, your keyboard sends a particular "scancode" to the computer. The scancode represents the key that was pressed. Here's an example of scancodes sent by IBM keyboards: The scan code is then interpreted by programs running on the computer (like the keyboard "driver"), and the pressed key information becomes available to the other programs running. If a program wants the computer to store the pressed key in memory, it will often store characters using the "ASCII" encoding standard. You can see the codes for that here: Uppercase "B" is 01000010, so that's what the computer would store in memory. At my house, I have a small color sensor for a lego toy. When I turn it on, it emits a beam of light and reads what the color is that it’s above. I’m trying to figure out if it’s an input or output device. 1. It has an on switch - input 2. It emits a light beam - output 3. It reads colors - input 4. It tells what color it’s reading - output It looks to me as if it’s a combination of the two. Are instruments such as this better categorized as their own computer as they have input and output? This is a really great question! You're right that it has both input and output qualities. Although when determining if something is mainly an input or output device, it's best to think of it in relation to a computer. If the device's main purpose is to gather information for the computer, then it's an input device. If its main purpose is to let the computer commu...

8 Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Functional Components of a Computer The basic functional components or elements of a digital computer system basically has the hardware and software. The hardware is the physical component/part such as a keyboard, mouse, monitor, etc. The software is the set of programs and instructions which perform several specific operations. Both hardware and software together act as functional components. They help to complete the functional cycle which consists of input, processing, and output. Let us learn about the different functional components of a digital computer and their working and interconnections. Let us study the basic components of a computer. 1. Input Unit The input unit basically includes the input devices and its operation is to take the input from the user. It converts the input data into binary code. As the computer understands only machine language (binary code). Some important input devices are: • Keyboard • Mouse • Microphone • Scanner • Barcode Reader • Light Pen • Joystick etc. 2. Central Processing Unit (CPU) This is a really important part of a computer as it performs all the processing parts of the computer. It processes the data and instructions which the user gives. Moreover, it carries out the calculations and other such tasks. As it is present on a single small chip, it is also called a microprocessor . Other names of CPU are Central Processor or Main Processor . It has two subparts: 1. Arithmetic and Logical Unit As ...

Welcome to A computer is a group of hardware and software resources that combine together and offer different functionalities to the person. Hardware is the physical part of a computer like a processor, memory devices, monitor, keyboard, etc. while the software is the group of programs or commands that are essential by the hardware resources to work properly. Read our Trending Articles Too • • • • • • There are a small number of basic components that give support to the working cycle of a computer i.e. the Input- Process- Output Cycle and these are called the functional units of a computer. It requires some input, processes that input, and generates the preferred output. The input unit takes the input, the central processing unit (CPU) does the processing of data and the output unit produces the output. The memory unit stores the data and commands during the processing. Digital Computer: A digital computer is a programmable machine that reads the binary data passed as commands, processes this binary data, and demonstrates a calculated digital output. In short Digital computers are those that work on digital statistics. if we describe in one line what the Functional Units of a Computer are: – A computer consists of five functionally self-regulating main parts input, memory, arithmetic logic unit (ALU), output, and control unit. Table of Contents • • • • • • • List of Functional Units of Computer • Input Unit • Central Processing Unit • Arithmetic and Logic Unit • Control Un...