Overview DNA is in every cell in your body. Chromosomes are found carrying your DNA in the nucleus of your cells. DNA looks like a spiral staircase (double helix). The rungs are base pairs and the rails are sugar and phosphate molecules. What is DNA?

State their function. Chromosomes are thread-like structures made up of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). These are located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. The structure of chromosomes keeps DNA tightly wrapped around spool-like proteins called histones.

The chromosomes are located in the nucleus of the cell. Both plant cells and animal cells have chromosomes within their nucleus, and every chromosome is comprised of a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid and proteins.

Chromosomes come in pairs. Normally, each cell in the human body has 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 total chromosomes). Half come from the mother; the other half come from the father. Two of the chromosomes (the X and the Y chromosome) determine your sex as male or female when you are born. They are called sex chromosomes: Females have 2 X.

After crossing over, the spindle begins to capture chromosomes and move them towards the center of the cell (metaphase plate). This may seem familiar from mitosis, but there is a twist. Each chromosome attaches to microtubules from just one pole of the spindle, and the two homologues of a pair bind to microtubules from opposite poles.

A sex chromosome (also referred to as an allosome, heterotypical chromosome, gonosome, heterochromosome, [1] [2] or idiochromosome [3]) is a chromosome that differs from an ordinary autosome in form, size, and behavior. The human sex chromosomes, a typical pair of mammal allosomes, determine the sex of an individual created in sexual reproduction.