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nephron, functional unit of the kidney, the structure that actually produces urine in the process of removing waste and excess substances from the blood. There are about 1,000,000 nephrons in each human kidney.

Diagram (left) of a long juxtamedullary nephron and (right) of a short cortical nephron. The left nephron is labelled with six named nephron segments. Also labelled is the collecting duct, mislabelled the "collection duct"; it is the last part of the nephron.

Tubular parts of a Nephron – converts the filtrate into urine. The Bowman’s capsule / Glomerular capsule: The Bowman’s capsule (also called the glomerular capsule), is the beginning of a nephron. It surrounds the glomerulus. It is a double walled cup, It is composed of inner visceral and outer parietal layers.

A nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. They are the microscopic structure composed of a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule. The word nephron is derived from the Greek word – nephros, meaning kidney. There are about millions of nephrons in each human kidney. Structure of Nephron

The functioning of nephron has 3 mechanism to convert blood into urine which are. Filtration Reabsorption Secretion; After entering the kidney the renal artery gets divided into many small divisions until it reaches the smallest one that enters the nephron. Also Check – 12 Important Functions Of Kidney Filtration

Nephrons take a simple filtrate of the blood and modify it into urine. Nephrons are the “functional units” of the kidney; they cleanse the blood and balance the constituents of the circulation. Each kidney is made up of over one million nephrons that dot the renal cortex, giving it a granular appearance when sectioned sagittally.