Syllogism questions

In the questions below some statements are given and these statements are followed by some conclusions. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements, disregarding commonly known facts. Syllogism Question 1: Statements: All chalks are pens. Some erasers are pens. All erasers are books. Conclusions: I. Some erasers being chalk is a possibility II. Some books being chalk is a possibility. A. Only I follows B. Only II follows C. Either I or II follows D. Neither I nor II follows E. Both I and II follow Syllogism Question 2: Statements: All trees are plants. Some plants are leaves. Some leaves are flowers. Conclusions: I. Some trees being leaves is a possibility. II. Some trees are flowers. A. Only I follows B. Only II follows C. Either I or II follows D. Neither I nor II follows E. Both I and II follow Syllogism Question 3: Statements: All cats are dogs. No dog is a lion. Some lions are tigers. Conclusions: I. Some lions being cats is a possibility. II. Some tigers being cats is a possibility. III. All cats being tigers is not a possibility. A. Only I and II follow B. Only II and III follow C. Only I and III follow D. Only II follows E. All follow Venn diagram representation of the statements: Conclusions: I. Some lions being cats is a possibility. Since all cats are dogs and no lion is a dog, this co...

Aristotle’s logic, especially his theory of the syllogism, has had an unparalleled influence on the history of Western thought. It did not always hold this position: in the Hellenistic period, Stoic logic, and in particular the work of Chrysippus, took pride of place. However, in later antiquity, following the work of Aristotelian Commentators, Aristotle’s logic became dominant, and Aristotelian logic was what was transmitted to the Arabic and the Latin medieval traditions, while the works of Chrysippus have not survived. This unique historical position has not always contributed to the understanding of Aristotle’s logical works. Kant thought that Aristotle had discovered everything there was to know about logic, and the historian of logic Prantl drew the corollary that any logician after Aristotle who said anything new was confused, stupid, or perverse. During the rise of modern formal logic following Frege and Peirce, adherents of Traditional Logic (seen as the descendant of Aristotelian Logic) and the new mathematical logic tended to see one another as rivals, with incompatible notions of logic. More recent scholarship has often applied the very techniques of mathematical logic to Aristotle’s theories, revealing (in the opinion of many) a number of similarities of approach and interest between Aristotle and modern logicians. This article is written from the latter perspective. As such, it is about Aristotle’s logic, which is not always the same thing as what has been ca...

Syllogism Question & Answer Syllogism is an important topic for the section of the paper testing a candidate’s reasoning ability. A Syllogism is a form of reasoning conceptualised by Aristotle wherein you arrive at a specific conclusion by examining two other premises or ideas. In essence, a syllogism is a type of deductive reasoning where the answer is derived by deducting improbable options to arrive at the correct answer. Syllogism derives its name from the Greek word syllogismos, which means deduction or inference. All syllogistic arguments have 3 parts. • First is the major premise that offers a generic enveloping statement. • Second, the minor premise is an idea related to the major premise. • Lastly, the conclusion is the result we arrive at after analysing the major and minor premises individually and with each other. Syllogistic statements/arguments are generally provided in a three-line format, as depicted below: All cats are wearing a bell Lily is a cat Therefore, Lily is wearing a bell. Categorical Syllogism Categorical syllogisms follow a rule wherein "if A is party to C, then B is party to C”. As we can see, the first example with cats falls under this category. Let's look at another example of a categorical syllogism. All horses have 4 legs. I have a horse. My horse has 4 legs. Major Premise: All horses have legs Minor Premise: I have a horse. Conclusion: My horse has 4 legs. Conditional Syllogism Conditional syllogisms follow an "If idea A is true, then ide...

In the questions below some statements are given and these statements are followed by some conclusions. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements, disregarding commonly known facts. Syllogism Practice Question 1: Statements: Some apples are oranges. Some oranges are bananas. Some bananas are grapes. Conclusions: I. Some bananas are oranges. II. Some bananas are apples. We can draw the Venn diagram representation of the statements as shown: Since both the given conclusions are definite in nature and don’t complement each other, we don’t need to consider other possible relations between the elements while drawing the Venn Diagram. Now let’s see which of the conclusions are correct: I. Some bananas are oranges. As we can see in the Venn diagram, it is true that some bananas are oranges. So, this conclusion follows. II. Some bananas are apples. It is clear from the Venn Diagram that this conclusion does not follow. Therefore, only I is the correct conclusion. We can draw the Venn diagram representation of the statements as shown: As in the previous exercise, we don’t need to consider other possible relations between the elements while drawing the Venn Diagram. Now let’s see which of the conclusions are correct: I. Some players are tall. As we can see in the Venn diagram, it is true that some player...

This article is an introduction to all the rules and regulations around solving syllogism. With logical reasoning and deductive reasoning being part of CLAT 2020, syllogism is an important topic. Syllogism definition A syllogism is an inference drawn in which one proposition (the conclusion) follows of necessity from two others (known as premises). It is important to assume the statements given to be true and then move forward with the questions. Syllogism: Meaning and sample questions Syllogisms consist of three things: major & minor (the premises) and a conclusion, which follows logically from the major and the minor and is derived from the given statements. • A major is a general principle. • A minor is a specific statement. • Logically, the conclusion follows from applying the major to the minor. Example 1 If all humans (B’s) are smart (A), major And all Indians (c’s) are humans (B’s), (minor) Then all Indians (c’s) are smart (A) conclusion Example 2 Men lie (general principle) Ram is a man (specific statement) Ram will lie (Application of major to minor) Syllogism: Parts of the definition and meaning Major premise: The first premise in the syllogism Minor Premise: The second premise in the syllogism Major term: The category mentioned in both the minor premise and the conclusion. The second term is the conclusion Minor term: the category mentioned in both premises but not the conclusion. It is what links major term and minor term together in the syllogism. Figure: the ...

Syllogism Definition What is a syllogism? Here’s a quick and simple definition: A syllogism is a three-part logical argument, based on deductive reasoning, in which two premises are combined to arrive at a conclusion. So long as the premises of the syllogism are true and the syllogism is correctly structured, the conclusion will be true. An example of a syllogism is "All mammals are animals. All elephants are mammals. Therefore, all elephants are animals." In a syllogism, the more general premise is called the major premise ("All mammals are animals"). The more specific premise is called the minor premise ("All elephants are mammals"). The conclusion joins the logic of the two premises ("Therefore, all elephants are animals"). Some additional key details about syllogisms: • First described by Aristotle in Prior Analytics, syllogisms have been studied throughout history and have become one of the most basic tools of logical reasoning and argumentation. • Sometimes the word syllogism is used to refer generally to any argument that uses deductive reasoning. • Although syllogisms can have more than three parts (and use more than two premises), it's much more common for them to have three parts (two premises and a conclusion). This entry only focuses on syllogisms with three parts. Syllogism Pronunciation Here's how to pronounce syllogism: sil-uh-jiz-um Structure of Syllogisms Syllogisms can be represented using the following three-line structure, in which A, B, and C stand for...