What is an individual image within a sequence of images called as?

Sequencing an entire genome (all of an organism’s DNA) remains a complex task. It requires breaking the DNA of the genome into many smaller pieces, sequencing the pieces, and assembling the sequences into a single long "consensus." However, thanks to new methods that have been developed over the past two decades, genome sequencing is now much faster and less expensive than it was during the Human Genome Project 1 ^1 1 start superscript, 1, end superscript . In the Human Genome Project, Sanger sequencing was used to determine the sequences of many relatively small fragments of human DNA. (These fragments weren't necessarily 900 900 9 0 0 900 bp or less, but researchers were able to "walk" along each fragment using multiple rounds of Sanger sequencing.) The fragments were aligned based on overlapping portions to assemble the sequences of larger regions of DNA and, eventually, entire chromosomes. The mixture is first heated to denature the template DNA (separate the strands), then cooled so that the primer can bind to the single-stranded template. Once the primer has bound, the temperature is raised again, allowing DNA polymerase to synthesize new DNA starting from the primer. DNA polymerase will continue adding nucleotides to the chain until it happens to add a dideoxy nucleotide instead of a normal one. At that point, no further nucleotides can be added, so the strand will end with the dideoxy nucleotide. This process is repeated in a number of cycles. By the time the cycli...

A video is not necessarily "moving". You can take video of a stationary object.Traditional movie film moved through a projector, but it is just a series of still images displayed quickly enough to fool our eyes into seeing motion. Same with videotape. DVDs spin, so they're moving, but they too just deliver still pictures at a sufficient frame rate that they seem to move. Your cellphone might be able to capture and play digital video without any moving parts. @BrianHitchcock I mean as in switching pictures every few seconds. So, images displaying slow enough that we are able to respond to that it is a slide show. An example would be 1 frame/images every 5 seconds. I would edit to clarify the question, but since I have the answer I require, there is no need for that. Judging from your description, I think it is " (rather than animation, stop motion, or rotoscoping). From Wikipedia: A slide show is a presentation of a series of still images on a projection screen or electronic display device, typically in a prearranged sequence. Each image is usually displayed for at least a few seconds, and sometimes for several minutes, before it is replaced by the next image. Video game developers and enthusiasts often call those a sprite strip or a sprite sheet. Here's an example: In video games, things on screen are represented by textures drawn in 2D or 3D. Textures are either static, which means they only use one image and it never changes, or dynamic, which means they change over time...

Compositing is the process or technique of combining visual elements from separate sources into single images, often to create the illusion that all those elements are parts of the same scene. Basic procedure [ ] All compositing involves the replacement of selected parts of an image with other material, usually, but not always, from another image. In the digital method of compositing, software commands designate a narrowly defined color as the part of an image to be replaced. Then the software (e.g. Typical applications [ ] In Virtual sets are also used in motion picture Most common, perhaps, are set extensions: digital additions to actual performing environments. In the film Physical compositing [ ] In physical compositing the separate parts of the image are placed together in the photographic frame and recorded in a single exposure. The components are aligned so that they give the appearance of a single image. The most common physical compositing elements are partial models and glass paintings. Partial models are typically used as set extensions such as ceilings or the upper stories of buildings. The model, built to match the actual set but on a much smaller scale, is hung in front of the camera, aligned so that it appears to be part of the set. Models are often quite large because they must be placed far enough from the camera so that both they and the set far beyond them are in sharp focus. Glass shots are made by positioning a large pane of glass so that it fills the ...

An image sequence is a collection of images related by time, such as frames in a movie, or by spatial location, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) slices. Image sequences are also known as image stacks or videos. You can store an image sequence as a multidimensional array, then display and process the sequence using toolbox functions that can operate on multidimensional arrays. You can also store an image sequence as a collection of individual image files, then process the files using the • Concatenate individual images in an image sequences into a single multidimensional array for ease of display and processing. • Animate image sequences using the Video Viewer app. Explore the image sequence with playback, panning, and zooming controls. • This example shows how to use the Image Batch Processor app to process a batch of images in a folder or datastore. • This example shows how to execute a cell counting algorithm on a large number of images using Image Processing Toolbox™ with MATLAB® MapReduce and datastores. Featured Examples

Performance First of all, it’s important to note that not every image sequence can be played realtime. If the images are large or cannot be decompressed quickly the playback will stutter. However, these sequences still can be used in offline rendering. Also if the whole sequence fits into the video memory it can be preloaded entirely to provide realtime playback. Basic usage Create a subdirectory and put the numbered images into it. In the numbering, any number of digits can be used for e.g. something_001.jpg, something_002.jpg, …. Add a Video Player module to your compound. Set its Default Frame Rateproperty to the framerate you want the images played with. Then in the Video Fileproperty select the first image in the sequence. That’s it. Though this is a simple method it does not provide further control over the sequence. Using a descriptor file You can create a descriptor file with ximgseqextension where the filename is identical to the subfolder’s name in which the sequence is stored. The file must be placed beside the subfolder (not within it). For e.g. if the subfolder is called something the descriptor file must be named something.ximgseq. Alternatively you can enumerate the paths of the image files explicitly, in this case you can place them anywhere. This is escpecially useful if you want to create a slideshow from a bunch of arbitrarily named image files. See below. Also please check the [Common]:Compounds\Utilities\Slideshow.xcomp compound that is a possible impl...

2. Images in Motion Imagine a horse walking, i.e. moving, in front of a (pinhole) camera. Also imagine that you could look at the back plane of the camera where the image is projected. Then you would see the moving horse. At every moment in time \(t\) there is an image \(f(x,y)\) projected on the backplane. To indicate the time dependence we can represent the ‘image in motion’ as a function in 3 arguments: \(f(x,y,t)\). Conceptually we think of an image as a 2D function with the continuous plane \(\setR^2\) as its domain. Equivalently, an ‘image in motion’ is defined as a 3D function defined on the domain \(\setR^2\times\setR\): both the spatial coordinates \(x,y\) as well as the time ‘coordinate’ \(t\) are continuous. Evidently just like we need sampling to represent images with a finite amount of data, we also need to sample the time coordinate. A sampled ‘image in motion’ is most often called a video sequence. Each image in the sequence is called a frame. Sampling images is possible because the human eye cannot resolve small details, i.e. when looking at a sampled image from a distance we don’t see the pixels anymore. The same is true for images in motion. If you present the human eye with a rapid sequence of images we cannot distinguish the individual frames anymore. A video simply thus is nothing more then a lot of images displayed on the screen in a rapid sequence. The pictures and animations of the horse in motion shown here are made in 1878 by Eadweard Muybridge (s...

A new MIT study of how a mammalian brain remembers what it sees shows that while individual images are stored in the visual cortex, the ability to recognize a sequence of sights critically depends on guidance from the hippocampus, a deeper structure strongly associated with memory but shrouded in mystery about exactly how. By suggesting that the hippocampus isn’t needed for basic storage of images so much as identifying the chronological relationship they may have, the new research, published in Current Biology, can bring neuroscientists closer to understanding how the brain coordinates long-term visual memory across key regions. “This offers the opportunity to actually understand, in a very concrete way, how the hippocampus contributes to memory storage in the cortex,” says senior author Essentially, the hippocampus acts to influence how images are stored in the cortex if they have a sequential relationship, says lead author Peter Finnie, a former postdoc in Bear’s lab. “The exciting part of this is that the visual cortex seems to be involved in encoding both very simple visual stimuli and also temporal sequences of them, and yet the hippocampus is selectively involved in how that sequence is stored,” Finnie says. To have hippocampus and have not To make their findings, the researchers, including former postdoc Rob Komorowski, trained mice with two forms of visual recognition memory discovered in Bear’s lab. The first form of memory, called In prior studies Bear’s lab has...

The previous chapters have provided a broad overview of working with the SimpleCV framework, including how to capture images and display them. Now it is time to start diving into the full breadth of the framework, beginning with a deeper look at images, color, drawing, and an introduction to feature detection. This chapter will drill down to the level of working with individual pixels, and then move up to the higher level of basic image manipulation. Not surprisingly, images are the central object of any vision system. They contain all of the raw material that is then later segmented, extracted, processed, and analyzed. In order to understand how to extract information from images, it is first important to understand the components of a computerized image. In particular, this chapter emphasizes: Pixels are the basic building blocks of a digital image. A pixel is what we call the color or light values that occupy a specific place in an image. Think of an image as a big grid, with each square in the grid containing one color or pixel. This grid is sometimes called a bitmap. An image with a resolution of 1024×768 is a grid with 1,024 columns and 768 rows, which therefore contains 1,024 × 768 = 786,432 pixels. Knowing how many pixels are in an image does not indicate the physical dimensions of the image. That is to say, one pixel does not equate to one millimeter, one micrometer, or one nanometer. Instead, how “large” a pixel is will depend on the pixels per inch (PPI) setting...